This study is entitled "The Role of Parboru and Hula-Hula in the Settlement of Divorce Disputes in Batak Toba Customs". The main focus of this study is to analyze the role and position of Parboru (the woman's family) and Hula-Hula (the wife's family) in the divorce settlement process according to Batak Toba customs. This study also presents the dynamics of the interaction of the two elements in customary mediation, as well as how customary values ​​and norms are implemented to maintain the harmony and dignity of the extended family. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data obtained through interviews and library studies of relevant literature on Batak Toba customary law, Dalihan Na Tolu, and the role of Parboru and Hula-Hula in traditional ceremonies and the resolution of marital conflicts in Batak Toba customs. The results of the study indicate that Hula-Hula has a central position as a decision maker and mediator, while Parboru plays a role as a technical implementer, mediator, and balancer in the customary deliberation forum. The active involvement of both parties is very important to ensure that the divorce process runs according to customary norms and maintains the social harmony of the Batak Toba community. This study is expected to enrich the literature on Batak customary law and become a reference for students, the community, and customary leaders in understanding the importance of the role of kinship in resolving divorce.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of management control systems in improving company performance at PT. Melu Bangun Wiweka (MBW), a private construction company facing tight competition in the construction services industry. The study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, where data is obtained through interviews with the company. The results of the study indicate that PT. MBW has implemented a fairly good management control system through the stages of strategic planning, budgeting, activity implementation, and performance evaluation. This system has been proven to play an important role in directing organizational activities and improving employee performance through the provision of rewards and sanctions based on standard operating procedures. This study concludes that a structured and communicative management control system can improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the company in achieving its goals. It is recommended that the company continue to improve employee understanding of the company's vision and strengthen the evaluation system to face competitive challenges in the future

This study aims to analyze the implications of business law on consumer protection in e-commerce transactions in Indonesia. The results of the study indicate that business law plays an important role in protecting consumers in e-commerce transactions. However, the effectiveness of existing laws and regulations is still questionable because there are still many cases of fraud and unfair business practices. Therefore, this study suggests the need for improvements to laws and regulations, increased consumer awareness, effective supervision, and cooperation between the government and business actors to improve consumer protection in e-commerce transactions in Indonesia.