Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive disease in which competence in performing activities of daily living declines, increasing caregivers' perception of care burden. Care for excretion-related actions is frequently required in the context of motor and non-motor symptoms, and nursing content. Movement and dressing are examples of care. As a result, the care burden perception in relation to excretion-related actions was investigated and classified in this study based on severity and intra-day changes in symptoms. The study included 25 caregivers from the Gunma Prefecture Branch of the Japan Parkinson's Disease Association. The questionnaire items addressed perceptions of care burden in relation to nine excretion-related actions. The caregiver's movement was classified as easy (ON) or difficult (OFF) (OFF). The subjects were divided into three groups (1/2, 3, and 4) based on the severity scale developed by Hoehn and Yahr. The progression of symptoms was found to increase the perception of care burden. Furthermore, while the difference between ON and OFF was not statistically significant, care burden perception tended to be higher with OFF. The perception of care burden increased as PD symptoms progressed, indicating a proclivity toward greater effects of intra-day symptom variation This could be useful information to consider. Rehabilitation is linked to reducing caregivers' perceptions of care burden in the context of Parkinson's disease and/or reorganization/refurbishment of the domestic environment

Osteoarthritis is the most common degenerative condition among the elderly. Functional disorders are caused by knee osteoarthritis. A person with osteoarthritis knee typically experiences pain, stiffness, and a decrease in functional activity as a result of limited function. The purpose of this study is to compare the effects of open kinetic chain exercise and closed kinetic chain exercise on increasing functional activity in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee. This is a quasi-experimental type of study. To compare two intervention groups, a two-group pre-test post-test research design was used. In addition, WOMAC is being used to assess functional ability. Exercises should be done twice a week for four weeks. Effect analysis using the paired T-test in treatment groups 1 and 2. The paired T-test on closed kinetic chain exercise and open kinetic chain exercise yielded the same result, P = 0.000 (p0.05), indicating that functional ability influences before and after treatment. Meanwhile, an independent t-test resulted in a value of p = 0.153 (p>0.05), indicating that there are differences in the influence of open kinetic chain and closed kinetic chain on increasing functional ability in patients with osteoarthritis knee. Open kinetic chain exercise and closed kinetic chain exercise have different effects on improving functional ability in people with osteoarthritis knee.