With the times, the modus operandi of crime has also evolved. It’s characterized by crime victims who are currently not only limited to adults, but children are also often victims. One of the crimes that often befall children is sexual abuse. Indonesia as a state of law has attempted to protect children from crime, for example by establishing laws and regulations. One form of protection is by providing rights for child victims of criminal acts, one of which is the right to restitution. However, in practice, the provision of restitution hasn’t t been optimally implemented. The purpose of this research is to find out the causes of the provision of restitution that hasn’t been optimally implemented, especially in the case of Decision Number 133/Pid.Sus/2023/PN. This research uses empirical legal research methods with interview data collection techniques. Based on the results of the research, there are two factors that become obstacles in providing restitution for child victims. First, internal factors in the form of the absence of coercive rules if the perpetrator doesn’t pay restitution, administrative requirements for submitting restitution requests that burden the victim, and there are no rules that guarantee restitution is immediately paid by the perpetrator. Second, external factors in the form of the victim's lack of legal awareness and still focusing on punishing the perpetrator.

Internet gambling crimes in Indonesia are increasing from year to year. This phenomenon is a bad thing for the Indonesian people. Therefore, the author conducted research which aims to find out how criminal law tackles internet gambling in Indonesia. By using normative research methods. In this legal research, the author uses primary legal materials and secondary legal materials obtained through literature studies that are appropriate to the topic of discussion that the author has taken. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that internet gambling regulations in Indonesia are regulated in Article 27 Paragraph (2) and the threats are regulated in Article 45 Paragraph (3) of the ITE Law. However, the regulations in this article do not clearly regulate witnesses for internet gaming players. This law only contains services used to carry out internet gambling. Law No. 1 of 2023 concerning the Criminal Code can be a solution to overcome the weak response to internet gambling crimes in Indonesia because acts committed digitally have been accommodated in this law.

Sexual violence is a serious problem that causes physical and psychological harm to the victims. In efforts to prevent and address sexual violence, cooperation from all elements of society is very much needed, including through community-based service provider organizations as a form of community participation. This is regulated in Indonesian Law on Sexual Violence, Undang-Undang Nomor 12 Tahun 2022 tentang Tindak Pidana Kekerasan Seksual (UU TPKS) Article 85 regarding Community Participation, both in prevention and victim recovery. The Solidarity Foundation for Women's Humanity and Human Rights (SPEK-HAM) in Kota Surakarta is one of the community-based service provider organizations that play an important role in providing various prevention and victim recovery programs in accordance with the mandate of Indonesian Law on Sexual Violence (UU TPKS). However, in its implementation, SPEK-HAM faces various internal and external obstacles in fulfilling its role as a community-based service provider organization. This study uses the empirical legal research method to analyze SPEK-HAM's participation in implementing the mandate of the Indonesian Law on Sexual Violence in efforts to prevent and recover victims of sexual violence, as well as the challenges it faces. The findings of this research indicate that SPEK-HAM carries out several prevention and victim recovery programs by conducting awareness-raising activities and collaborating with relevant stakeholders. The obstacles encountered in these efforts include internal obstacles from within the organizers of sexual violence prevention and handling, as well as external obstacles which come from the outside.

Domestic violence is known to increase significantly from year to year. There are 4 forms of domestic violence, namely physical, psychological, sexual and economic violence. Of the several forms of domestic violence, there is physical and economic violence that often occurs in Indonesian households. This happens because of several juridical factors that influence the emergence of domestic violence, but there are 2 juridical factors that greatly influence the existence of domestic violence, namely cultural factors and economic factors. The aim of this research is to gain knowledge about the factors that cause domestic violence and how to resolve domestic violence using the concept of restorative justice. Apart from that, the main aim is to ensure that domestic violence cases in Indonesia do not increase. The research method used in this article is a library study approach because it collects data from books, journals, the internet, or other written literature as a basis for writing research.

The writing of this article aims to analyze postpartum mental health disorders can be categorized as psychiatric disorders for reasons of criminal expungement and analyze the imposition of criminal sanctions in the criminal act of child abuse by mothers who suffer from baby blues syndrome in the Karawang District Court Decision Number 296/Pid.B/2018/PN.Kwg. The type of research used is normative with a statutory approach and a case approach. Based on the results of research conducted by the author, it is obtained that postpartum mental health disorders can basically be used as an excuse for criminal erasure in accordance with the severity experienced. The imposition of imprisonment by the judge in the case of child abuse by a mother with mental health disorder in the verdict was not appropriate because the judge did not pay attention and consider the condition of the perpetrator of the crime who suffered from mental health disorders of a fairly severe type and level.