Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menyelidiki dampak degradasi terhadap ekosistem hutan mangrove dan menganalisis strategi-strategi inovatif yang digunakan untuk menjaga keberlangsungan ekosistem tersebut. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode literatur review, di mana berbagai sumber literatur ilmiah yang relevan dievaluasi secara sistematis. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa degradasi hutan mangrove memiliki konsekuensi serius terhadap ekosistem pesisir, termasuk hilangnya keanekaragaman hayati, peningkatan risiko bencana alam, dan penurunan kualitas air. Namun, berbagai strategi telah dikembangkan untuk mengatasi tantangan ini, termasuk restorasi ekosistem, pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan, partisipasi masyarakat lokal, dan penerapan teknologi modern. Pembahasan menyeluruh tentang temuan-temuan ini mengungkapkan bahwa integrasi strategi-strategi ini dapat memberikan solusi yang efektif dalam menjaga kelestarian hutan mangrove dan memperkuat ketahanan ekosistem pesisir. Implikasi praktis dari penelitian ini adalah pentingnya adopsi strategi-strategi inovatif dalam manajemen lingkungan, sementara arah penelitian masa depan mencakup peningkatan kolaborasi antarstakeholder dan pengembangan teknologi yang lebih canggih untuk mendukung konservasi hutan mangrove secara berkelanjutan.

This study evaluates the effectiveness of natural materials as antimicrobial agents in the treatment of freshwater fish diseases, with the aim of offering a safer and more sustainable alternative to synthetic chemicals and antibiotics. Using the literature review method, this study analyzed relevant current scientific articles. Results showed that extracts of betel leaf, neem leaf, cinnamon essential oil, basil essential oil, aloe vera, and propolis had significant antimicrobial activity against freshwater fish pathogens such as Flavobacterium columnare and Aeromonas hydrophila. Betel leaf extract and cinnamon essential oil showed inhibition rates of up to 85% and 82%, respectively. The advantages of using natural ingredients include environmental safety, reduced risk of antimicrobial resistance, and immunostimulating effects in fish. However, challenges such as ingredient availability, cost, and standardization still need to be addressed. This study suggests the development of natural ingredient-based products, standardization and quality testing, further research, and training for fish farmers. Collaboration between stakeholders is also important to reduce dependence on antibiotics. In conclusion, natural ingredients have great potential as effective and environmentally friendly antimicrobial agents in freshwater fish health management.
 
 

Crisis aquatic biodiversity is a critical environmental issue, triggered by human activities such as overfishing, pollution, and climate change, which have serious impacts on the stability of ecosystems and the climate change, which has serious impacts on the stability of ecosystems and the livelihoods of coastal communities. livelihoods of coastal communities. This research aims to examine community-based solutions in restoring degraded aquatic ecosystems, with a focus on the integration of sustainable aquaculture technologies and aquaponic systems. The methodology used was a comprehensive literature analysis of scientific articles, journals and relevant publications. The research findings show that sustainable fisheries management, habitat restoration, environmental education and awareness, implementation of environmentally education and environmental awareness, the application of environmentally friendly technologies, and the development of supportive policies are the main strategies for sustainable fisheries management. development of supportive policies are key strategies in improve conservation effectiveness. The implications of this research show that a community-based approach is not only effective for the conservation of aquatic biodiversity, but also provides practical guidance for policymakers and non-governmental organizations in designing and implementing community-based policy makers and non-governmental organizations in designing and implementing more holistic and effective ecosystem restoration programs that are more holistic and sustainable.                                                          
 
 

The pace of global environmental change and the intensification of human activities have put significant pressure on marine ecosystems, threatening the sustainability of many species that are important both for ecosystems and the economies of coastal communities. In this context, this study aims to evaluate the application of genetic technologies in the conservation of endangered marine species, focusing on environmental DNA (eDNA) monitoring, CRISPR genetic engineering techniques and population genetic analysis. The method used was a literature review that examined current academic sources related to genetic technologies and their implementation in conservation. Findings show that eDNA is a highly effective tool in species and habitat monitoring, and has been successful in specific cases such as Napoleon fish and green turtles in Raja Ampat. In contrast, CRISPR techniques offer the potential to improve the genetic resilience of species, despite significant regulatory and ethical challenges. The implications of this study emphasize the need for strong policy support and international collaboration to address these challenges and optimize the use of genetic technologies in more effective conservation strategies in the future.