This study develops audio-visual teaching materials to enhance secondary school students’ understanding of conditional sentences in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) instruction. Adopting the Borg and Gall Research and Development (R&D) model, the study involves information gathering, planning, prototype development, field testing, and product revision. The materials include animated videos and interactive exercises designed to engage students and simplify complex grammatical concepts. Data collected through questionnaires, interviews, observations, and tests reveal improved student comprehension and engagement after using the materials. Teachers noted that these resources align with curriculum requirements and support effective grammar teaching. This study highlights the potential of audio-visual media in addressing challenges in EFL grammar instruction, offering practical and innovative solutions for educators.

The growing number of credit card users in Indonesia is considered to have a fairly high poltelnsial market. This study uses associative research quantitative approach which is analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis with SPSS version 26.0 software. The population in this research is Bank BNI customers. The sample was determined based on the random sampling technique method. The data collection technique used a questionnaire distribution of 106 people from the number of Bank BNI East Jakarta customers. Hypothesis testing using the T-test and F-test. The research conclusion concluded that the promotion and quality of credit card services had a significant positive effect on customer loyalty of PT Bank Negara Indonesia Matraman Branch Office, East Jakarta.