This paper analyzes the victory of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Party in the 1971 General Election in Surabaya Regency as part of the local political dynamics during the early New Order period. Using a political history approach and a qualitative-descriptive method, the article examines the social, cultural, and political strategies that contributed to NU's success. Data were collected through literature review, archival documentation, and interviews with historical witnesses and community leaders. The findings indicate that the network of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) and traditional clerics (kiai) played a crucial role in consolidating grassroots support, while the post-G30S social climate and public distrust toward secular parties further strengthened NU’s position. These findings demonstrate that, despite the pressure of a New Order regime that supported Golkar, traditional Islamic cultural forces were still able to carve out political victories at the local level. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how local cultural power can persist and even triumph within a centralized political system.

This research aims to analyze Islamic education management in facing the Society 5.0 era, characterized by the integration of digital technology in social and educational life. Using a mixed-methods approach, this research collected quantitative data through surveys of 150 respondents from Islamic educational institutions and qualitative data through in-depth interviews with 15 school principals and pesantren administrators. The research results show that although technology has been adopted by most Islamic educational institutions, significant challenges arise related to infrastructure limitations, teachers' digital skills, and access disparities in various regions. Adaptive and technology-based leadership plays a crucial role in designing policies that support digital transformation in Islamic educational institutions. Moreover, the integration of Islamic values with technology has also proven to be important in maintaining the identity and morality of Islamic education. This research suggests the importance of intensive training for educators and equitable access to technology so that Islamic education management can be more responsive to social and technological changes, and capable of improving the quality of education in the future.