This study aims to describe: (1) The role of teachers in enhancing students' critical thinking skills in the IPAS (Integrated Science) subject at SD Negeri 1 Beluk, and (2) The factors influencing the role of teachers in improving students' critical thinking skills in the IPAS subject at SD Negeri 1 Beluk. This qualitative research employs a descriptive analysis method and was conducted over three months, from March to May 2024. Primary data sources include fourth-grade teachers and students at SD Negeri 1 Beluk, collected through observations and interviews. Data credibility was tested using triangulation. The data analysis technique follows the interactive model of Miles and Huberman, consisting of data collection, data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the study indicate that: (1) Teachers play roles as educators, demonstrators, classroom managers, facilitators, mentors, motivators, and evaluators in enhancing students' critical thinking skills in the IPAS subject. The effective use of lesson plans (RPP) and evaluation instruments by teachers is observed to significantly improve students' critical thinking skills. (2) The factors influencing students' critical thinking skills include psychological factors, physiological factors, learning independence, and anxiety.

This research aims to improve the learning outcomes of grade V students of SD Negeri 2 Kalikebo. This study uses the Numbered Heads Together (NHT) learning model in the mathematics subject of fraction multiplication material. This Classroom Action Research (PTK) uses the Kemmis and Taggart model. The subjects of this study were fifth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Kalikebo, totaling 20 students. Data collection techniques through evaluation tests, observation, and documentation. The results showed that: (1) students become more active in learning activities. (2) there was an increase in math learning outcomes in fifth grade students of SD Negeri 2 Kalikebo. The percentage of completeness of learning outcomes during the pre-cycle was 5 students or 25% of 20 students, then cycle I there were 10 students or 50%, and in cycle II there were 16 students or 80% who reached KKTP ?70.