The role of economic factors is one of the problems that exist in society. This needs to be studied to see the influence of the economy on a person's character. The aim of this research is to determine the role of economic factors in character formation and conflict in literary works. The literary work used is entitled Merpati Biru by Achmad Munif. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method with a sociological approach. The research results show that the role of economic factors contained in these literary works is the social reality of poverty which is oriented towards economic needs in society which shapes characters who fall into deviant work.