The rapid growth of information technology has driven digital transformation in various sectors, including micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), the backbone of the Indonesian economy. In response to the challenges and opportunities of digitalization, the Surabaya City Government launched the Peken e-commerce platform on October 31, 2021. This platform aims to help MSMEs market their products online, expand market reach, and increase competitiveness. However, the use of digital systems also presents new challenges, particularly in terms of cybersecurity. Dependence on technology opens the door to various threats that can compromise data confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This study aims to analyze and evaluate information security risks on the Peken Surabaya website using a risk management approach based on the ISO/IEC 27005:2019 standard. The analysis method involves identifying information assets, recognizing potential threats, identifying vulnerabilities, and assessing risk levels based on the likelihood of occurrence and impact. To support the analysis, technical testing was also conducted using the Open Web Application Security Project Zed Attack Proxy (OWASP ZAP) tool. The research results indicate that most of the risks faced by Peken Surabaya are moderate to very high. These risks include Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks, user data leaks, and the lack of a two-factor authentication (2FA) system. Based on these findings, a risk management strategy was developed using the Risk Modification, Risk Sharing, Risk Retention, and Risk Avoidance approaches. Furthermore, this study recommends security controls based on ISO/IEC 27005 and OWASP Top 10 to enhance system protection. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing international standards-based risk management in maintaining the continuity and security of digital public services, particularly those supporting the MSME sector in the digital era.

This study aims to analyze the impact of online learning on students' learning independence at the secondary school level. The research is motivated by the significant shift in the education system due to the pandemic, which required students to adapt to technology-based distance learning. A descriptive qualitative approach was employed, utilizing data collection techniques such as observation, interviews, and documentation, supported by quantitative questionnaires from previous studies. The findings indicate that online learning has both positive and negative effects on students' learning independence. Positive impacts include increased student responsibility in completing assignments, ease of accessing learning materials anytime and anywhere, and enhanced parental involvement in supporting their children's learning at home. However, negative effects were also identified, such as students' tendency to engage excessively in gaming, reduced effectiveness of the learning process, and delays in task submission due to workload accumulation. Regression analysis results show a significant influence between online learning and learning independence, although the effect is moderate to low in some cases. Factors such as learning motivation, self-efficacy, and the support of the online learning environment play crucial roles in shaping student independence. The study recommends collaboration among government, schools, teachers, parents, and the wider community to improve the quality and quantity of online learning facilities, as well as more varied learning strategies to optimally support the development of students' learning independence.

By applying it, learners walk boldly, educators cannot unite and pay attention to their students directly. This makes educators have to rack their brains to increase student interest in learning. The use of printed books as learning media tends to make students bored, thereby reducing students' interest in learning. Popup books are one solution to increase student interest in learning. This happens because the pop up book provides a 3D picture so it is not monotonous. This study uses the library method with the results of collecting information or empirical data through various literatures including books, other references, and relevant previous research results so as to get answers to the problems studied. This method uses editing, organizing, and finding data collection techniques.