This paper provides a comprehensive examination of the concept and implementation of skill management as a cohesive set of competencies encompassing technical, interpersonal, conceptual, and strategic skills within organizational and entrepreneurial contexts. The background highlights the critical role of skill management in addressing the challenges posed by a highly competitive and rapidly evolving business environment, where mastery of these competencies determines both individual and organizational effectiveness in planning, organizing, leading, and controlling resources to achieve collective objectives. Grounded in a literature review of seminal works by Robbins & Coulter, Katz, Drucker, Mintzberg, Armstrong, and Barney & Hesterly, this study adopts a structured approach that covers definitions, classification of skill types, their roles in organizations, development strategies, implementation challenges, and applications in entrepreneurship. The findings indicate that: (1) technical, human, and conceptual skills are complementary across different managerial levels; (2) skill development requires a blend of formal education, field practice, mentorship, and technology utilization; (3) primary challenges include technological adaptation, complexity of decision-making, and limitations in training resources; and (4) in entrepreneurial ventures, effective skill management is fundamental to planning, finance, human resources, innovation, and communication. In conclusion, skill management should not be viewed as a static competency but as a strategic asset that must be continuously enhanced through lifelong learning, enabling both individuals and organizations to sustain growth and resilience in the era of globalization and digital transformation.

Household waste, which is mostly in the form of food waste such as vegetables and fruits, is a source of waste accumulation. More than fifty percent of the waste accumulation in Banyudono village, Boyolali, Central Java is household waste. The accumulation of garbage causes environmental pollution problems that can result in a decrease in the quality of life of residents. Garbage accumulation occurs because residents only throw it into the surrounding environment or rely on garbage transport trucks to be disposed of in landfills. This is due to the lack of knowledge among of residents (the participant of the service activities) in waste processing. Proper waste management not only makes the environment clean and healthy, but also improves the community's economy through the creation of value-selling products. To overcome the partner's problem, namely the accumulation of waste, the service team provides solutions according to the partner's needs, namely the transfer of science and technology (IPTEK) to process household waste (organic) into organic fertilizer (compost). The transfer of science and technology to Banyudono Village residents take place in July 2023 and participants were given assistance to implement the science and technology to treat waste independently. The results were monitored 3 months later according to the known composting method. Composting is done using EM4 bioactivator so that the results can be harvested within 3 months of composting. Compost quality analysis is carried out after the compost is physical and chemical mature which confirmed by checking pH and levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. The obtained compost was blackish with a smell like earth, and has a fine texture. The compost had a pH of 6.9 and the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium levels meets SNI standards. Through this activity, participants able to processing household waste independently.  

Connectivism is a learning theory that emphasizes the importance of networks and connections in the learning process, especially in the context of modern digital and technology. Learning is no longer limited to physical classrooms, but involves various sources of information spread through the internet network. In this digital era, tools and applications such as Canva are very relevant. Canva is a graphic design platform that allows users to create a variety of visual content easily and collaboratively. Through connectivism, applications such as Canva allow students to work together on design projects, share ideas, and access various visual resources from all over the world. By using Canva, students not only learn graphic design skills, but also develop the ability to collaborate effectively, access information quickly, and integrate knowledge from various disciplines. This reflects the principles of connectivism where learning occurs through dynamic interactions between learners and technology, creating a richer and more connected learning environment.

There are two ways to process test results to determine graduation standards, namely Norm Referenced Test (NRT) and Criteria Referenced Test (CRT). However, they differ in data processing function, which affects the outcome of data processing. Because the author tends to process score results based on norms with the reasoning that there are no absolute provisions put forth by one party in one direction. Therefore, through this article, the author tries to explain in depth about this Norm Referenced Test along with examples of score processing. This study uses a literature review with a qualitative approach. The results of this study show that with Norm Referenced Test, students' graduation will be determined by summing up or finding the average score from the final learning outcomes, and that's how they will be declared as either passing or failing participants. Like the test results processing discussion, where out of 25 students, after calculating the average score it was found to be 67.92, therefore if a student's score does not meet this requirement, they will be declared as not passing. This means among the group table receiving scores below 65 will need remedial, while scores of 70 and above are declared passing..

Philosophy plays an important role in shaping meaningful educational systems. Many schools develop curricula without considering philosophy, resulting in meaningless learning for students. This research aims to explain the application of the philosophy of Tut Wuri Handayani in the curriculum of MTs Al-Mardliyyah Pamekasan using a qualitative case study approach. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, then processed through reduction, presentation, and drawing conclusions. The implementation of the Tut Wuri Handayani philosophy includes honesty, fairness, good moral character, and motivation for students to learn well. Challenges such as laziness, shyness, and pessimism are addressed with strategies of awareness, understanding, and changing students' mindset. The impact is that students develop into better individuals morally, caring for their peers and the environment, and forming productive and adaptive learning processes. In conclusion, the implementation of the philosophy has been successful with positive effects on schools, teachers, and students. This research contributes as a reference for schools to apply philosophical aspects in education and learning.