This article aims to explore the opportunities of optimizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) in supporting adaptive, inclusive, and innovative learning in the Society 5.0 era. With its potential to revolutionize education through content personalization, responsive learning, and administrative efficiency, AI is the key to future education transformation. The research approach is qualitative through literature analysis and case studies, covering the implementation of AI in adaptive learning, educational chatbots, and virtual reality technology. The researcher's review of several studies revealed that AI not only eases the administrative burden on teachers, but also provides individually tailored learning plans and improves students' digital literacy. However, the integration of AI in education faces challenges such as resistance to change and disparities in access to technology. To overcome these challenges, the development of inclusive policies as well as AI-based training for educators is recommended, thus ensuring the ethical and effective application of technology, in line with the humanistic and future-oriented vision of Society 5.0.

The development of digital technology has brought significant changes in various aspects of life, including education. In biology learning, digital technology offers innovative solutions to overcome challenges in understanding abstract concepts, increase learning motivation, and develop 21st century skills. Interactive simulations, augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR) and online learning platforms allow students to visualize complex biological concepts, such as photosynthesis and DNA replication, more clearly and deeply. In addition, the integration of digital technology can improve students' critical thinking skills, creativity, collaboration and digital literacy. However, the implementation of digital technology in biology learning faces various challenges, including limited infrastructure, access gaps between urban and rural schools, and lack of training for educators. This study aims to explore the impact of digital technology on students' conceptual understanding and 21st century skills, and identify the main barriers to its implementation. The results of this study are expected to provide recommendations for the development of more effective and innovative biology learning strategies in the digital era