Education plays a crucial role in shaping students' character based on Pancasila values. However, in the era of globalization, these values are increasingly eroded by external cultural influences. To address this, Islamic-based schools integrate Pancasila values into school culture through various religious activities. This study aims to analyze how the Islamic-based school culture at SMA Islam Al Ulum Terpadu Medan contributes to strengthening Pancasila values. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a quantitative approach. Data were collected through observations, interviews with teachers and student organization leaders (Rohis), and questionnaires distributed to 40 students from grades X, XI, and XII. The findings indicate that various programs, such as Tadarus before lessons, Hafalan Tahfiz, Tarbiyah Ramadhan, and Pesantren Kilat, help instill discipline, teamwork, and social awareness among students. Approximately 75% of students reported that these activities enhanced their understanding and practice of Pancasila values in daily life. However, the study also identified several challenges, including a lack of variation in teaching methods and the need for innovation to make activities more engaging for students. Therefore, developing more interactive and innovative methods is necessary to improve the effectiveness of these programs in shaping students' character based on Pancasila.

This research aims to analyze the concept and implications of nusyuz's actions in divorce cases in the Religious Courts. Nusyuz is defined as a wife's defiance of her obligations to her husband. Nusyuz is also often the basis for filing divorce lawsuits, especially divorce petitions for divorce by the husband. This study examines how nusyuz actions are taken into consideration by Religious Court judges in deciding divorce cases, as well as their impact on the wife's rights, such as those related to iddah liaving, mut'ah living, and child custody. By using normative juridical methods based on analysis of direct trials and court decisions, this research finds that nusyuz actions have significant legal consequences for wives, especially in terms of living and other rights after divorce. However, there are also variations in the judge's assessment of the evidence of nusyuz's actions, which has implications for the final outcome of the divorce case.

. The background to this research highlights the lack of effectiveness of the learning methods applied in class IV phase B for Catholic Religious Education (PAK) subjects in stimulating the development of students' critical reasoning. In facing this challenge, classroom action research was carried out by applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Model. This research aims to improve students' critical reasoning abilities and achieve the set learning targets. With quantitative methods, research was carried out through two cycles. The results of the first cycle showed an increase in students' critical reasoning by 73.5%, with a number of students reaching advanced and proficient levels. The second cycle showed significant improvement, with students' critical reasoning reaching 86%. Learning outcomes also increased, with more students reaching advanced levels. The implications of these findings illustrate that the application of Problem Based Learning is effective in improving students' critical reasoning and achieving the desired learning targets.