Indonesia as a multicultural country with religious, ethnic, and cultural diversity faces serious challenges in maintaining social harmony amidst increasing intolerance, extremism, and politicization of religion. In response, the government developed a religious moderation policy to instill just, balanced, and tolerant religious values. However, this policy has not been fully grounded in society, given the gap in understanding between state idealism and the developing social reality. This study aims to analyze the concept, implementation, and structural and cultural challenges in the implementation of religious moderation policies in Indonesia. The method used is a qualitative approach with the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) technique on various relevant national and international scientific publications in the period 2018–2024. The results of the study show that the implementation of this policy is still dominated by a formalistic approach and has not involved active participation from grassroots communities. In addition, ideological resistance, weak public communication, and minimal impact-based evaluation are the main challenges. Therefore, a more participatory, contextual, and local culture-based moderation approach is needed so that this policy does not just become a state project, but a shared life value.

This study aims to empower farmer groups in applying appropriate technology to rice farming productivity in Sukajadi Village, Sadananya District, Ciamis Regency. The research methods used include field surveys and analysis of productivity data from farmers who apply this technology compared to those who do not. Primary data was collected through structured interviews with farmers and direct observation in the field during the research period. Data analysis was carried out by comparing rice production results, efficiency of using agricultural inputs, and farmer income before and after adopting appropriate technology. The research results show that the adoption of appropriate technology significantly increases rice productivity in terms of the number of harvests per hectare and reduces the costs of certain inputs such as fertilizers and pesticides. In addition, farmers who apply this technology also report better income increases compared to conventional methods. These findings support the importance of implementing appropriate technology in improving food security and the economy of farmers in rural areas such as Sukajadi Village. This research contributes to expanding understanding of the practical benefits of appropriate technology in the context of rice farming in Indonesia.