The purpose of this study is to discuss the role of educational philosophy in the development of educational theory and practice in Indonesia. Education is an essential component of human life. Education is critical in shaping human character and traits. The author employs qualitative research techniques. The author employs a literature review as a research method, while perusing and observing multiple written sources of information associated to the topic of educational philosophy's role in the formation of the Independent Learning Curriculum in the development of educational theory and practice in Indonesia. According to the research findings, the Independent Learning Curriculum is a curriculum designed by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology to give educational institutions flexibility in establishing a curriculum based on their unique requirements and features. The autonomous Learning Curriculum embodies the ethos of autonomous learning, specifically the spirit of student-centered learning. This paper concludes that theme learning is one of the learning approaches used in the Merdeka Belajar curriculum. This is consistent with the progressive educational concept, which holds that education must be focused on students' needs and interests.

This study discusses the scope of innovation diffusion in education in Indonesia. In essence, education plays a fairly essential role in shaping the quality of human resources that are able to face the challenges of the times. Along with global changes marked by technological developments and economic transformation, demands on the education system continue to increase. The researcher uses a Qualitative Literature Review which is carried out by the researcher reading and observing various written reference sources related to the scope of innovation in education in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that overall, the process of innovation diffusion in education involves various complex stages and requires support from all parties involved in the education system. Diffusion of educational innovation in general can be concluded as a very complex process and is influenced by various specific factors, both internally and externally in the educational environment.