CBR (California Bearing Ratio) is a soil-bearing capacity test developed by the California State Highway Department. The principle of this test is penetration testing, which inserting an object into the sample. This way, the strength of the base soil or other materials used to make road pavements can be assessed. The main problem in this report is the lack of understanding and skills of civil engineering students in conducting CBR tests, and in assessing the bearing capacity of the base soil as a foundation layer of road pavements. Students are often constrained in understanding the basic principles of CBR tests, the use of laboratory equipment, and the interpretation of test results. This activity aims to improve student understanding through a combination of theoretical learning methods, discussions, and direct practice in the laboratory using standard procedures SNI 1738-2011 and SNI 1744-2012. The implementation of the test involves soil sample preparation, CBR test penetration testing, and analysis of results through a graph of the relationship between load and penetration depth. The results show that the increase in student understanding, as evidenced by the difference in pre-test and post-test scores indicated an increase in test implementation and analysis of the results. Students who initially did not understand the procedure and importance of CBR testing are now able to use it in the context of road pavement planning. In conclusion, this training has succeeded in improving students' competence in understanding and applying CBR testing, which will support them in civil engineering practices, especially in the design and analysis of road structure resistance based on soil-bearing capacity.

The dynamic regulatory landscape presents significant challenges for International Standard Schools (SBI) in Indonesia, impacting their ability to meet global educational standards while integrating local cultural values. This study aims to explore the regulatory challenges faced by SBIs and their implications for educational quality and cultural integration. The method used is library research, which involves reviewing relevant literature and studies on regulations and the implementation of international standard programs. The findings reveal that although SBIs strive to provide high-quality education and facilities in line with international standards, they are often hindered by fluctuating regulations and inadequate financial support. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of a consistent and supportive regulatory framework, sustainable funding sources, and the adoption of an inclusive curriculum that respects local cultural values. These insights offer valuable implications for policymakers, educational institutions, and stakeholders, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts to enhance the stability and effectiveness of SBIs in Indonesia. By addressing these challenges, SBIs can better fulfill their role in providing internationally competitive education while preserving Indonesia’s rich cultural heritage.

<div align="justify"><p><em>Concrete is a solid mixture that hardens, consisting of components such as cement, sand, gravel, and water that are mixed. Civil engineering construction is related to concrete, including the construction of roads, buildings, dams, houses, and irrigation channels. Considering the importance of knowledge related to concrete, students of SMK N 3 Semarang who are majoring in construction engineering and housing need to be well informed. Many vocational high school students are still unaware of the proper process of making concrete that meets the desired quality standards. Students of SMKN 3 Semarang, who are expected to be able to work immediately after completing their studies, need to be equipped with knowledge about the concrete-making process. The purpose of this activity is to improve the knowledge of SMKN 3 Semarang students regarding the quality of concrete materials, the making of K-225 quality concrete, and the value of the concrete slump test. The PkM team from Universitas Semarang conducted training on making concrete for SMK N 3 Semarang students using discussion methods and laboratory practice. As a result of this training, the majority of students understand the process of making concrete in terms of material quality, K-225 concrete mix design, and slump test testing.</em></p></div>

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p>Dalam rangka memantapkan kestabilan sarana perhubungan lalu-lintas darat yang sangat penting artinya bagi warga Jalan Gedong Songo Timur RT 05, 06, dan 07, RW 01 Manyaran, Semarang Barat khususnya, sebagai perwujudan nyata terhadap  pelayanan pergerakan dari manusianya sendiri juga sebagai sarana yang menghubungkan dengan daerah lain yang tidak bisa dipisahkan satu sama lain, oleh karena itu sistem jaringan jalan yang merupakan hal yang utama untuk dijaga kemampuan daya layannya. Jalan sebagai jalur transportasi darat sangat diperlukan dalam menunjang lancarnya roda perekonomian warga Jalan Gedong Songo Timur di masa yang akan datang. Oleh sebab itu  perencanaan, pembangunan, dan perbaikan perlu diperhatikan seefektif dan seefisien mungkin. Pembangunan ataupun perbaikan Jalan Gedong Songo Timur sangatlah penting artinya mengingat letak geografisnya hanya bisa dihubungkan dengan keberadaan jalan sebagai sarana penunjang yang sangat penting untuk pergerakan aktivitas warganya. Mengingat hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa kebijaksanaan pembangunan jalan antar desa harus lebih diprioritaskan untuk  mempercepat program pembangunan Nasional dalam rangka pengentasan kemiskinan yang salah satu permasalahannya terletak pada sarana dan prasarana termasuk di dalamnya adalah jalan.</p><p>Memperhatikan kondisi saat ini dalam rangka menunjang kelancaran untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, kenyaman berkendara, perjalanan, dan keindahan desa maka perlu adanya infrastruktur berupa jalan yang baik serta tantangan pembangunan dan perbaikan Jalan Gedong Songo Timur RT 05, 06, dan 07, RW 01 Manyaran, Semarang Barat maka perlu kiranya semua  pihak ikut menyikapi dan menindak lanjuti guna perbaikan juga  pembangunan jalan demi tercapainya perputaran roda ekonomi yang diharapkan.</p><p>Warga Jalan Gedong Songo Timur RT 05, 06, dan 07, RW 01 Manyaran, Semarang Barat mempunyai permasalahan yaitu jalan desa (RT) yang mulai rusak (berlubang) serta permukaan jalan yang tidak rata (bergelombang). Jalan ini juga berfungsi untuk memperlancar akses menuju pusat  pelayanan pemerintahan, kesehatan, pendidikan, dan ekonomi karena sebagai fasilitas sarana dan prasarana penunjang perekonomian yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat, untuk meningkatakan kesejahteraan dan kualitas hidup masyarakat.</p><p>Dalam perbaikan pengaspalan <em>(overlay) </em>lapis permukaan perkerasan jalan, perlu diperhatikan alat, bahan, serta metode pelaksanaan yang sesuai pada lokasi pengaspalan.</p><p>  </p><p><strong>Kata kunci :</strong> <em>aspal,</em> <em>jalan,</em> <em>perkerasan jalan</em><strong></strong></p><p align="center">  </p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em>In <em>order</em> to strengthen the stability of land traffic transportation facilities, which are very important for residents of Jalan Gedong Songo Timur RT 05, 06, and 07, RW 01 Manyaran, West Semarang in particular, as a real embodiment of the movement services of the people themselves as well as a means of connecting with other areas that cannot be separated from each other, therefore the road network system is the main thing to maintain its serviceability. Roads as land transportation routes are indispensable in supporting the smooth running of the economy of the residents of Jalan Gedong Songo Timur in the future. Therefore, planning, development, and improvement need to be considered as effective and efficient as possible. The construction or improvement of Jalan Gedong Songo Timur is very important considering that its geographical location can only be related to the existence of the road as a very important supporting facility for the movement of its citizens' activities. Given this, it shows that the policy of developing inter-village roads should be prioritized to accelerate the national development program in the context of poverty alleviation, one of which is the problem of facilities and infrastructure, including roads.</em></p><p><em>Taking into <em>account</em> the current conditions in order to support the smooth running to increase productivity, driving comfort, travel, and the beauty of the village, it is necessary to have infrastructure in the form of good roads and the challenges of building and repairing Jalan Gedong Songo Timur RT 05, 06, and 07, RW 01 Manyaran, West Semarang, it is necessary for all parties to take part in responding and following up in order to improve as well as road construction in order to achieve the expected economic cycle.</em></p><p><em>Residents of Jalan Gedong Songo Timur RT 05, 06, and 07, RW 01 Manyaran, West Semarang have problems, namely the village road (RT) which is starting to be damaged (perforated) and the road surface is uneven (wavy). This road also functions to facilitate access to government, health, education, and economic service centers because it is a facility and infrastructure supporting the economy that is very much needed by the community, to improve the welfare and quality of life of the community.</em></p><p><em>In repairing the asphalt (overlay) surface layer of the road pavement, it is necessary to pay attention to the appropriate tools, materials, and implementation methods at the asphalt location.</em></p><p><em>  </em></p><strong><em>Keywords :</em></strong><em> asphalt, road, pavement</em>

<p>Untuk menstabilkan sarana dan prasarana penunjang lalu lintas darat bagi Warga Perum Royal Semarang RT.05 RW.09 Pedurungan Lor , Sebagai wujud ketersedian saran jalan yang baik dan nyaman untuk mobilitas dan pergerakan manusia . maka sistem jaringan jalan perlu diperhatikan maksimal. Guna menunjang kelancaran beraktifitas untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan (Standar Nasional Indonesia T-14) .Warga Perum Royal semarang RT.05 RW.09 Pedurungan Lor. Oleh sebab itu  perencanaan, pembangunan, dan perbaikan perlu diperhatikan seefektif dan seefisien mungkin. Pembangunan ataupun perbaikan Jalan Reum Royal semarang Pedurungan Lor sangatlah penting artinya mengingat letak geografisnya hanya bisa dihubungkan dengan keberadaan jalan sebagai sarana penunjang yang sangat penting untuk pergerakan aktivitas warganya.</p><p>Memperhatikan kondisi saat ini dalam rangka menunjang kelancaran untuk meningkatkan produktivitas, kenyaman berkendara, perjalanan, dan keindahan desa maka perlu adanya infrastruktur berupa jalan yang baik . Warga Jalan Perum Royal Semarang RT.05 RW.09 ,Pedurungan Lor  mempunyai permasalahan yaitu jalan desa (RT) yang mulai rusak (berlubang) serta permukaan jalan yang tidak rata (bergelombang). Jalan ini juga berfungsi untuk memperlancar akses menuju pusat  pelayanan pemerintahan, kesehatan, pendidikan, dan ekonomi karena sebagai fasilitas sarana dan prasarana penunjang perekonomian yang sangat dibutuhkan oleh masyarakat, untuk meningkatakan kesejahteraan dan kualitas hidup masyarakat.</p><p>Dalam Proses pavingisasi jalan perum Royal Semarang RT.05 RW.09, perlu diperhatikan alat, bahan, serta metode pelaksanaan yang sesuai pada lokasi tersebut.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Kata kunci :</strong> <em>Jalan, Paving , Warga RT.05 RW.09</em></p><p align="center"> </p>

<em>Most civil engineering students and construction practitioners experience misconceptions about knowledge and even incorrect practical procedures for using measurement instruments. One of the misconceptions that is often encountered is the meaning of ordinary and extraordinary positions, the meaning of azimuth, the meaning of angles, directions, readings, and many more. Misconceptions in practice include the inaccurate process of centering, leveling, and targeting due to a misunderstanding of the pointing, targeting, and parallax processes. There are also often debates between students because of differences in interpretation of the influence of right or left rotation on horizontal readings or counting angles. On the other hand, the development of measurement and mapping surveys is increasingly rapid. However, measurement principles should not be ignored. These principles are the pillars of knowledge and the pillars of a surveyor's practice, with which fieldwork evaluations and decisions can be taken accurately and responsibly, both academically and practically. The measurement training activity using a water level tool is intended for Civil Engineering students at the Muhammadiyah University of Semarang (UNIMUS) and construction practitioners. This activity aims to improve understanding and skills so that participants can use the spirit level measuring instrument correctly. The method used is the delivery of theory, followed by practice in the field. The results obtained are an increase in participants' abilities in the measurement process and calculating measurement data based on the results of work and direct evaluation in the field.</em>

Kurangnya pemanfaatan limbah hasil lubang baut pada baja jarang dimanfaatkan, sehingga menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini serbuk limbah tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan tambah dalam pembuatan beton sebagai usaha pemecahan masalah limbah tersebut, dengan cara meneliti seberapa jauh pemanfaatan limbah berupa serbuk baja dapat digunakan sebagai bahan tambah dalam campuran beton dengan presentase 0%, 0,00125%, 0,00625% ditinjau dari kuat tekannya.  Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan benda uji berupa silinder 15cmx30cm yang ditekan pada umur 14 hari dan umur 28 hari. Setiap variasi penambahan berjumlah 3 benda uji dengan perbandingan berat antara semen : agregat halus : agregat kasar adalah 1: 3 : 5, sehingga keseluruhan benda uji berjumlah 18 buah.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kuat tekan karakteristik beton pada variasi penambahan 0%, serbuk baja ?k = 219,302 kg/cm², 0.00125% serbuk besi dan baja ?k = 183,234 kg/cm², 0.00625% serbuk besi dan baja ?k = 200,35 kg/cm² .Hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa semakin besar penambahan, maka kuat tekan beton yang dicapai semakin menurun. Hal ini disebabkan karena beberapa faktor, antara lain adanya ketidak rataan permukaan yang ditekan, serta proses pencampuran baha-bahan penyusun beton yang tidak sempurna.

<p><em>Beton merupakan bagian konstruksi yang sangat penting, konstruksi yang mememiliki kekuatan maksimal dengan berat yang ringan perlu di kembangkan. Tujuan</em><em> dari kegiatan </em><em>penelitian </em><em>ini</em><em> untuk mengetahui </em><em>seberapa besar </em><em>pengaruh penambahan abu arang terhadap berat beton dan kuat tekan beton. </em><em>K</em><em>omposisi campuran semen yang akan digantikan dengan abu arang sebesar </em><em>nol</em><em>%, </em><em>lima </em><em>% dan </em><em>sepuluh</em><em>% dengan</em><em> </em><em>berat beton dan  kuat tekan beton yang diharapkan memiliki mutu fc=20Mpa. </em><em>M</em><em>etode penelitian </em><em>yang di</em><em>gunakan</em><em> yaitu</em><em> metode eksperimen untuk pengambilan sampel data. Terdapat masing – masing 30 (tigapuluh) benda uji di setiap persentase penambahan abu arang. Hasil </em><em>uji </em><em>kuat tekan beton dengan </em><em>rentang </em><em>usia beton 7 hari, 21 hari dan 28 hari dalam kondisi normal tanpa campuran sebesar  20 Mpa. Kuat tekan beton yang dicampur abu arang sebanyak 5 % sebesar 21 Mpa. Pada beton campuran abu arang 10% sebesar 17 Mpa.  Kesimpulan komposisi penambahan agregat abu arang 5% bisa mengurangi berat beton sebesar 3,6% dengan nilai kuat tekan yang memenuhi.</em></p>

<p>Kurang dimanfaatkannya limbah aspal di Laboratorium Transportasi menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini limbah aspal tersebut digunakan sebagai bahan penambahan dalam campuran beton yang merupakan salah satu solusi mengatasi masalah limbah aspal. Meneliti lebih mendetail terkait manfaat limbah aspal untuk meningkatkan kuat lentur beton. Prosentase campuran limbah aspal sebesar 10%, 12%, dan 15% dilihat dari kuat lentur.</p><p>Metode Eskperimen memakai benda uji berupa balok beton berukuran 60cm x 15cm x 15cm yang ditekan pada umur yang telah di tentukan..<br /> Setiap jenis sampel terdiri  3 benda uji dengan berat campuran yang berbeda., sehingga keseluruhan benda uji berjumlah 12 buah.</p><p>Hasil pengujian kuat lentur diperoleh Beton normal pada pada hasil pengujian kuat lentur nilainya 12 Mpa, Pada berat limbah aspal 10% nilai kuat lentur didapatkan 13,30 Mpa. Berat limbah aspal 12%  nilai kuat lentur senilai  7,60 Mpa. Dan Berat limbah aspal 15% nilai kuat lentur = 5,00 Mpa</p>