This study aims to examine the optimization of musyarakah contract design in Islamic financial institutions from both legal and economic perspectives. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the research explores normative and conceptual aspects of musyarakah contracts through library research methods. Data were collected from various secondary sources such as Islamic law and economics textbooks, academic journals, fatwas issued by the National Sharia Council (DSN-MUI), regulations from the Financial Services Authority (OJK), and reports from Islamic financial institutions. The data analysis was conducted thematically by classifying information based on key themes including contract legality, principles of sharia justice, contract flexibility, risk management, and innovation in musyarakah practices. Data validity was ensured through literature source triangulation to confirm and compare related scientific documents and regulations, thereby producing objective and academically accountable conclusions. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the development of musyarakah contracts that align with Islamic legal principles and support the sustainability of the sharia economic system

Perubahan alih fungsi lahan dapat menyebabkan perubahan dalam lingkungan alam, seperti perubahan vegetasi, perubahan daya serap tanah, maupun sedimentasi sungai sehingga berpotensi mengakibatkan bencana alam. Apabila tidak dilakukan penanganan terhadap tata kelola penggunaan lahan dengan serius maka akan menyebabkan peningkatan debit air pada setiap tahunnya, sehingga daerah di sekitar sungai Tuntang akan berpotensi sebagai daerah yang rawan terdampak banjir. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan pengklasifikasian menggunakan metode Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Difference Wetness Index (NDWI), Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dan Interpolasi menggunakan Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) kemudian di skoring untuk menganalisa daerah-daerah khususnya desa yang berpotensi rawan banjir pada sekitar Daerah Aliran Sungai Tuntang di Kecamatan Bawen dan Kecamatan Tuntang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Kecamatan Bawen dan Kecamatan Tuntang merupakan daerah yang tidak rawan banjir dikarenakan tutupan lahan vegetasinya masih baik dan curah hujan masih dalam kapasitas normal.