The buffer zone of BJ. Habibie Grand Forest Park (Tahura) in Bihe Village, Asparaga District, plays a strategic role in balancing environmental conservation and community agricultural activities. However, the widespread practice of monoculture corn farming and land clearing through burning threatens ecosystem sustainability and accelerates environmental degradation. This study aims to analyze farmers’ perceptions of buffer zone management and to identify the challenges and potential for transitioning to sustainable agricultural systems. A descriptive qualitative and quantitative approach was used through field observations, in-depth interviews, questionnaires, and document analysis. The findings indicate that most farmers possess basic awareness of the importance of conservation areas, but there are notable knowledge gaps regarding regulations and environmentally friendly practices. Although some farmers acknowledge the negative impacts of land burning and monoculture, economic limitations, inherited customs, and lack of technological support remain significant obstacles. Nevertheless, respondents expressed a high willingness to change their farming practices if provided with training and incentives. This study recommends a participatory strategy involving government bodies, conservation institutions, and academics to build farmers’ capacity and promote the adoption of sustainable agricultural technologies. A collaborative approach that considers the socio-economic realities of local communities is essential to ensure the long-term sustainability of the BJ. Habibie buffer zone without compromising farmers’ welfare.

Remote islands in Indonesia face significant challenges in achieving sustainable electricity supply. This study analyzes the technical and economic feasibility of implementing a hybrid Solar Power Plant (PLTS) and Wind Power Plant (PLTB) system on Dudepo Island, North Gorontalo Regency. With an average solar radiation of 5.2 kWh/m²/day and wind speed of 4.8 m/s, the hybrid system is designed to supply approximately 97% of local electricity demand with an efficiency of 85%. Simulations using HOMER Pro reveal an optimal configuration of 100 kW PLTS, 60 kW PLTB, and 300 kWh battery storage. Economic analysis indicates a Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of IDR 1,450/kWh, more affordable than conventional diesel generators, with an eight-year payback period. The system’s implementation has enhanced community well-being by providing stable electricity access for education, healthcare, and economic activities. Moreover, it contributes to carbon emission reduction by up to 120 tons of CO? annually. Technical challenges and local human resource capacity necessitate sustainable management strategies, including technician training and IoT-based monitoring systems. This study offers recommendations for sustainable renewable energy development on remote islands as a model for environmentally friendly energy transitions.

Tenure conflicts in forest areas are long-standing structural issues in various regions of Indonesia, including Popayato Sub-district in Gorontalo Province. These conflicts arise from overlapping land claims between local communities, companies, and the state, directly affecting the socio-economic and ecological conditions of surrounding populations. This study aims to analyze the social and environmental impacts of tenure conflicts in Popayato's forest areas and assess the roles of stakeholders in seeking sustainable solutions. A qualitative case study approach was applied through in-depth interviews, field observations, and thematic analysis. Findings reveal that communities face restricted access to productive land and forest resources, disrupting livelihoods and local cultural sustainability. Ecologically, tenure disputes have triggered illegal land clearing and significant forest degradation. Local governments have made mediation efforts, yet face challenges in coordination and policy inconsistency. Civil society organizations play a crucial role in advocating community rights through participatory mapping and the promotion of legal recognition via social forestry schemes. This study recommends resolving tenure conflicts through collaborative approaches that uphold principles of social and ecological justice, including strengthening local institutions, participatory boundary mapping, and developing inclusive conservation-based business models. In doing so, sustainable forest management can be achieved by recognizing local rights and enhancing community participation in decision-making processes.

Land degradation due to intensive agricultural practices is a serious issue threatening food security and ecosystem balance. Monoculture farming systems often lead to soil fertility decline, increased erosion, and reduced soil biodiversity. As an alternative, agroforestry has been developed to enhance agricultural productivity without compromising soil health. Agroforestry integrates agricultural crops with trees or other woody plants in a mutually beneficial system. Several studies have shown that agroforestry improves soil organic matter content, retains soil moisture, and reduces erosion and nutrient loss. This study employs a literature review method to analyze the effectiveness of agroforestry in improving soil health and agricultural productivity. Agroforestry has been found to enhance agricultural productivity through crop diversification, efficient land use, and climate change mitigation. Diversification not only strengthens food security but also increases farmers’ income by minimizing crop failure risks and enhancing nutritional value. Additionally, agroforestry optimizes land use by improving yield per unit area and reducing environmental degradation through natural resource conservation. Agroforestry also plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change by increasing ecosystem resilience, sequestering carbon, and reducing extreme weather impacts. However, the adoption of agroforestry faces challenges, including a lack of farmers’ knowledge, limited policy support, and varying environmental conditions. Addressing these barriers through improved education, supportive policies, and sustainable resource management can accelerate agroforestry adoption. With broader implementation and strong policy support, agroforestry can drive agricultural sustainability and enhance community well-being.

Exploitation of mineral resources through mining activities in Indonesia provides significant economic benefits, but also causes various negative impacts on the environment and socio-economic life of local communities. This study aims to review the impacts of various types of mining activities such as sand, coal, and gold. Common environmental damages include deforestation, soil erosion, water, soil, and air pollution, and decreased biodiversity. Socio-economically, mining increases social conflict, health problems, and changes in people's livelihoods. Effective management efforts include law enforcement against illegal activities, implementation of reclamation and rehabilitation, application of impact mitigation technology, and active involvement of local communities in environmental management. Consistent implementation of policies and mitigation measures is key to achieving a balance between economic benefits and environmental sustainability.

The Perintis Lake area in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, faces a growing conflict between tourism investment and environmental conservation. This study aims to analyze the impact of tourism infrastructure development on the lake’s ecosystem, highlight the importance of conservation, and provide strategic recommendations for sustainable tourism development. Using a qualitative-descriptive approach, the research is based on field observations, literature review, and regional policy analysis. Findings show that unregulated investment activities, particularly constructions along the lake's buffer zone, have led to environmental degradation, such as water pollution, habitat loss, and ecological imbalance. Conservation efforts remain fragmented and lack integration into broader development planning. The study recommends the implementation of sustainable spatial planning policies, stricter environmental regulations, and active community involvement. Collaborative governance between local authorities, private investors, and environmental stakeholders is essential to ensure that economic development aligns with ecological preservation. Striking a balance between investment and conservation is key to maintaining Perintis Lake as a resilient ecotourism destination for future generations.

This study aims to analyze the level of attack by Macaca hecki on cultivated plants in Makarti Jaya Village, Pohuwato, Gorontalo. Agriculture is the main source of income for the local community, but the presence of Macaca hecki can threaten agricultural yields. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative, with data collected through direct observation and interviews with farmers experiencing the attacks. The results indicate that corn (Zea mays) is the most consumed plant by Macaca hecki, followed by cocoa (Theobroma cacao) and several other types of fruit such as bananas and papayas. The high consumption rates of these cultivated plants negatively impact agricultural results, causing significant economic losses for farmers. Therefore, it is important to understand the attack patterns and the factors influencing the behavior of Macaca hecki. This research recommends the need for more effective protection strategies, such as the placement of physical barriers and diversification of plant types. Thus, it is hoped that this study can contribute to the management of conflicts between wildlife and agriculture, as well as enhance the economic sustainability of farming communities.

This study aims to determine the composition and structure of vegetation and estimate the potential for carbon dioxide absorption in the Tangale Nature Reserve Area, Gorontalo Regency. The method used in this study is the determination of sampling locations carried out by purposive sampling, making multilevel plots, analyzing vegetation structure, and estimating tree biomass is done non-destructively based on measuring the height and diameter of trees at breast height (DBH), while for lower plants it is done destructively and litter is taken all in the plot area to be weighed wet and dry weight and then estimating biomass, C reserves, and CO2 uptake. The results showed that the vegetation composition consisted of 18 species dominated by the Magnoliopsida class. The highest Important Value Index is found at each observation station. Calculation of biomass value, C reserves, and CO2 uptake at each observation station showed varying results because they were influenced by vegetation type, vegetation density, vegetation composition and structure, and environmental factors. The total value of CO2 uptake by vegetation in the Tangale Nature Reserve Area is 5,304.393 tons of CO2/ha. This research provides a better understanding of carbon sequestration potential in conservation areas to support environmental conservation and climate change mitigation efforts.