This research identifies four independent variables: external pressure (proxied by leverage), financial targets (proxied by ROA), supervisory ineffectiveness (proxied by BDOUT), and auditor turnover. The results of the analysis show that external pressure has a significant negative influence on financial statement fraud, where the higher the external pressure, the greater the possibility of fraud occurring. On the other hand, financial targets and supervisory ineffectiveness do not show a significant influence on financial statement fraud. Changing auditors also has no effect on fraud, because companies tend to change auditors to comply with regulations, not to avoid fraud detection. This research provides an important contribution to the understanding of the factors that influence financial statement fraud, as well as implications for management and supervisors to increase transparency and accountability in financial reports. Recommendations for further research include the use of qualitative methods and exploration of other variables that can influence financial statement fraud.

Currently, one concrete manifestation of community participation in nation building is by paying taxes.  Tax contributions in recent years have become increasingly significant and can be taken into account as the backbone of national financing sources in order to make national development programs a success that will increase economic growth. The number of taxpayers is also increasing from time to time as a reflection of increasing taxpayer awareness and compliance. MSMEs in Simokerto District, Surabaya, as part of the Taxpayers, we will accompany in realizing compliance as Taxpayers in the hope of knowing the latest regulations and calculation methods for withholding PPh Article 21 in the previous provisions, which have high complexity and calculation schemes that vary greatly. PPh Article 21 tax on individuals is very comparable to other withholding tax systems (for example: Final Income Tax, PPh Article 23), making it difficult for Taxpayers to fulfill their PPh Article 21 obligations. Government Regulation Number 58 of 2023 concerning Tax Withholding and Imposition Rates has been stipulated. Income Article 21 on Income in Connection with Work, Services or Activities of Individual Taxpayers (PP) which applies on January 1 2024