This study aims to determine the effect of academic self-efficacy on academic performance in the 2021 intake of students at Padang State University. Academic self-efficacy is an individual's belief in their ability to complete academic tasks, which is believed to play a significant role in determining student academic achievement. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method, involving 55 respondents as a sample. Data collection was carried out through a questionnaire using a Likert scale to measure students' academic self-efficacy levels, as well as data collection on their Grade Point Average (GPA) as an indicator of academic performance. Data analysis was carried out using the SPSS program, through several testing stages, namely instrument validity and reliability tests, and simple linear regression tests to determine the effect of independent variables on the dependent variable. The results of the analysis indicate a positive and significant influence between academic self-efficacy and academic performance. This is evidenced by the regression coefficient value of 0.009, with a calculated t-value of 15.278, which is greater than the t-table of 2.266, and a significance value of 0.006, which is less than 0.05. These findings indicate that the higher a student's level of confidence in their academic abilities, the better their academic achievement. Therefore, developing academic self-efficacy can be an important strategy for improving the quality of learning and student academic achievement.
 

This study aims to describe the level of resilience in former drug addicts and analyze its influence on their recovery and social reintegration process. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, data were collected through a questionnaire based on Grotberg’s theory consisting of 48 items. Five participants who had abstained from drugs for approximately two years were involved in this research. The results showed that most participants had high to very high levels of resilience. External factors such as family support and economic conditions, as well as internal factors like self-awareness and future-oriented motivation, significantly contributed to increased resilience. This study emphasizes the crucial role of resilience in helping former drug addicts endure challenging times and prevent relapse.

Responsibility is a key factor underlying children's attitudes, influencing their problem-solving abilities and self-confidence. This study explores the effectiveness of economic tokens in enhancing responsibility among preschool-aged children, particularly regarding the initiative to brush their teeth. Utilizing a single-case experimental design with one 4-year-old subject, data were collected through interviews, observations, and documentation, and analyzed descriptively. Results indicated a decline in responsible behavior from baseline 1 (A1) to baseline 2 (A2). However, from treatment 1 (B1) to treatment 2 (B2), there was an increase in responsible behavior. In conclusion, the economic token technique proved effective in improving the initiative to brush teeth in children.