This paper analyzes the victory of the Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Party in the 1971 General Election in Surabaya Regency as part of the local political dynamics during the early New Order period. Using a political history approach and a qualitative-descriptive method, the article examines the social, cultural, and political strategies that contributed to NU's success. Data were collected through literature review, archival documentation, and interviews with historical witnesses and community leaders. The findings indicate that the network of Islamic boarding schools (pesantren) and traditional clerics (kiai) played a crucial role in consolidating grassroots support, while the post-G30S social climate and public distrust toward secular parties further strengthened NU’s position. These findings demonstrate that, despite the pressure of a New Order regime that supported Golkar, traditional Islamic cultural forces were still able to carve out political victories at the local level. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of how local cultural power can persist and even triumph within a centralized political system.

This research explains the history of beggars in Surakarta. This topic selection was motivated by the scarcity of written studies discussing these events in local history as well as undisclosed primary sources. The problem in this research is how the history of beggars in the narrative of alms Paku Buwono X. In this thesis research, the author collects and compiles data through library research in the form of archives, books, journals, newspapers, articles, websites related to this research. The results of this study indicate that the mention of the term beggar originated from alms on Thursday by the tenth king of the Surakarta Sunanate. On Thursday, Paku Buwono X will leave the palace to see the condition of his people and give udhik-udhik to his people who are neatly lined up along the road with his hands raised. Paku Buwono X is a generous king, on Thursday Paku Buwono X will tour several places inhabited by poor people who expect from other people's gifts. The mention of the term beggar originated from the activity of giving alms on Thursday by the tenth king of the Surakarta Sunanate. On Thursday, Paku Buwono X will leave the palace to see the condition of his people and give udhik-udhik to his people who are neatly lined up along the road with his hands raised.In the Malay dictionary in 1939 there is the word kemis = day, which then becomes the word begging, begging, begging, starting from the word kemis which means Thursday, begging which means wishing for blessings on Thursday, begging by raising your hand, begging and being the beggar we know today.