The phenomenon of bullying that occurs in the pesantren environment is not only a social problem, but also reflects a crisis in the internalization of Islamic educational values. This study aims to examine the dynamics of bullying in Islamic boarding schools from a psychosocial perspective and Islamic educational values. With a literature study approach and qualitative content analysis, this study explores various theories, empirical findings, and expert views obtained from relevant journals, books, and scientific works. The results of the study show that the practice of bullying in pesantren often stems from power relations that are institutionalized through the hierarchy structure of seniority, as well as weak supervision of the process of internalizing Islamic values among students. The values of Islamic ukhuwah, justice, and compassion that should be the spirit of Islamic education are often eroded by a culture of silence, neglect, or even the wrong perception that bullying is part of discipline. In fact, the concept of Islamic education not only emphasizes the mastery of the knowledge of tools (tsaqafah), but also the formation of intellect ('aqliyah), soul (nafsiyah), and Islamic personality (syakhsiyah Islamiyah) based on a strong aqidah. Bullying prevention requires deeper Islamic character education, strengthening social control, and psychosocial approaches to maintain mental and spiritual balance of students. The implications of this study emphasize the importance of a holistic and civilized pesantren management strategy, by fostering an anti-bullying culture, creating a safe, harmonious, and harmonious learning environment that is in line with the main goals of Islamic education. Thus, pesantren are expected to be able to form students who are not only intellectually intelligent, but also have noble morals, high social spirit, empathy, and have a strong Islamic personality and full of integrity.

This study aims to examine the role of educational management leadership in improving the quality of education in schools. In the context of education, school leadership has a significant influence on managing and developing a conducive school environment. Three research questions addressed in this study are: (1) the role of the school principal in managing education, (2) leadership strategies in creating a conducive school environment, and (3) the impact of leadership on the quality of education. The research method employed is a qualitative approach, with data collection through interviews, observations, and document studies. The results indicate that effective leadership, such as implementing participatory leadership, fostering a positive culture, and utilizing technology in management, can enhance teachers' competencies and students' learning outcomes. The study also finds that principals who successfully create a positive school culture contribute to increasing motivation and performance among all school members.

This research discusses the urgency of superior leadership in the context of improving the quality of education. With a focus on the role of leadership at the school level, this study aims to investigate how effective leadership practices can shape a supportive school culture, improve the quality of teaching and learning, and result in better academic achievement. Data was collected through interviews with school principals, teachers and school staff from various educational backgrounds, as well as literature study. Analysis was carried out to identify superior leadership practices, including clear vision, the ability to motivate and lead a team, and the ability to adapt to changes occurring in the educational environment. The research results show that superior leadership has a significant impact in improving the quality of education. Visionary and inclusive leadership practices help create a dynamic learning environment and stimulate student growth. Apart from that, leadership that is able to develop and empower school staff also contributes to improving the quality of teaching and learning in schools. This research provides an in-depth understanding of the importance of superior leadership in achieving quality education goals. The practical implications of these findings can be used to develop leadership training programs, design effective education policies, and strengthen collaboration between schools, government and society in supporting overall improvement in the quality of education.