This study aims to improve listening skills to aural texts in grade III elementary school students through the use of audio-visual media. With the presence of audio-visual media, it is hoped that students' motivation and concentration levels during the learning process can increase. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection techniques through tests that assess cognitive aspects and non-test methods such as observation and documentation. The use of audio-visual animated films is expected to help students concentrate more and pay full attention to the material being taught. In addition, a fun learning approach is also expected to increase students' interest and enthusiasm in participating in learning activities.

This study aims to describe the ability of sixth-grade elementary school students in understanding and writing explanatory texts. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive techniques. The subjects of the study were five sixth-grade students selected purposively. Data were collected through a 10-item multiple-choice test. The results showed that three students achieved perfect scores (10 correct), one student answered 9 correctly, and another answered 8 correctly. In the writing task, all students were able to compose explanatory texts with appropriate structure. However, weaknesses were found in the linguistic features, particularly in the use of causal conjunctions and scientific terminology. These findings indicate that students have a good grasp of the basic concept of explanatory texts but require further guidance in mastering linguistic elements.

This study aims to analyze the difficulties faced by phase B learners in primary schools in the skill of writing description essays. The research method used is qualitative with a case study approach, which involves observation and in-depth interviews with 20 learners. The results of the analysis showed that the difficulties in writing description essays resulted from several factors, including a lack of understanding of text structure, a lack of vocabulary, and a lack of motivation to learn. In addition, environmental factors such as support from parents and teachers also affect students' writing ability. This research is expected to provide insights for teachers and related parties in improving description essay writing skills so that students can develop optimally.

Persuasive writing is a skill that students need to master in conveying ideas in a structured and convincing manner. However, initial observations showed that the majority of students had difficulty in developing ideas and constructing logical arguments in persuasive writing. Several factors caused this, 1) lack of student motivation in writing, 2) lack of variation in learning strategies, and 3) limited use of media and learning resources that are relevant to the world of students. This study uses a qualitative-descriptive research method, namely observation which aims to improve students' persuasive writing skills using a multiliteracy learning model that can improve students' understanding and knowledge. The subjects of the study were several fifth grade elementary school children. The results of the interim study showed that the application of a significant multiliteracy learning model can improve students' understanding and ability in writing persuasive texts as indicated by an increase in the average score of students' writing compared to the results of previous studies in persuasive writing.

This study was motivated by students' understanding of writing and completing letters and words at the early stages of learning to write. The aim is to improve students' understanding of how to write productively and descriptively. Data were collected through observation, practice questions, and documentation with a qualitative case study approach. The results showed that students were able to write loose letters, distinguish similar letters (b, d, p, q), and complete missing letters and words in the context of words and sentences.

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of teachers' pedagogical competence on elementary school students' reading and writing skills through a literature review method. The review was conducted on five scientific articles published in the last five years (2020-2024) and discussed the relationship between pedagogical competence and students' literacy skills. The results suggest that teachers with high pedagogical competence, which consists of teachers' understanding of students' characteristics, lesson planning and implementation, and evaluation, are able to improve students' literacy skills more effectively. The application of varied, contextual and student-centered learning strategies contributed to improving students' reading and writing skills. Although external factors such as the family environment are also influential, the role of the teacher remains the main factor in the literacy learning process at the primary level. The findings confirm the importance of developing teachers' pedagogical competencies through continuous training in order to improve the quality of literacy education in primary schools.

In the learning process in Elementary Schools (SD), the use of audio media is one of the innovative approaches that can increase the efficiency and interactivity of learning. The purpose of this article is to thoroughly study the use of audio media as an interactive learning tool in SD. This review includes ways to implement it, the benefits obtained, and the problems and solutions that arise when implementing it. The discussion method is carried out by conducting literature research and analyzing learning practices applied in several elementary schools. Audio media, such as podcasts, educational songs, audiobooks, and sound recordings, can increase student engagement, strengthen their understanding of the material, and support auditory learning styles. In addition, this media can be used in various fields of education, especially English, Indonesian, and Religious Education. However, there are still several problems that hinder the use of audio media. These include limited facilities, lack of teacher instruction, and student readiness to listen actively. As a result, the right approach is needed. These strategies include creating interesting audio content, incorporating it into learning activities, and improving teachers' ability to utilize educational technology. Audio media can help elementary school students get a fun and meaningful learning experience if used in a targeted and creative way.

This study was conducted because there are still many fifth grade elementary school students who still have difficulty in understanding the contents of the reading, especially when asked to think critically or evaluatively. They have not been able to assess or give opinions about the reading properly. In addition, their reading ability is still low. The purpose of this study was to determine students' ability to understand reading evaluatively. This study used a case study method with a qualitative approach. The researcher involved five fifth grade elementary school students as research subjects. The data for this study were obtained through observation, evaluative reading comprehension ability tests, and documentation. The results of this study indicate that fifth grade students still have low evaluative reading comprehension abilities. Students have not been able to answer questions or complete exercises related to the contents of the reading correctly, have difficulty assessing ideas or ideas conveyed by the author based on their experience and knowledge, cannot state reasons for choosing certain ideas or ideas, and have not been able to compare the main ideas in the text with personal experiences properly. Several factors that cause this low ability are students' difficulty in maintaining concentration while reading, lack of interest and motivation in reading activities, and support provided by the family environment.

The ability to understand denotative and connotative meanings is important in supporting the development of students' literacy and critical thinking skills in elementary schools. However, in practice, students still have difficulty in distinguishing the two types of meanings, especially in the context of connotative sentences that are figurative and require contextual interpretation. This study aims to analyze the ability of sixth grade elementary school students to identify and understand denotative and connotative meanings through various forms of questions, namely multiple choice, fill-in-the-blank, and descriptive, with a qualitative approach using the case study method. The steps of the case study include determining the focus of the study, literature review, case selection, data collection, data processing, data analysis, negotiation of results, and conclusions. The subjects of the study consisted of five sixth grade elementary school students who were analyzed based on their answers to the instruments that had been prepared. The results of the study showed that students had a good basic understanding of denotative and connotative meanings in explicit form. However, they still had difficulty in interpreting connotative meanings contextually and figuratively. The novelty of this study lies in the use of a contextual learning approach that is relevant to students' social and cultural lives, which has been proven to improve students' ability to understand meaning reflectively and critically.
 

Listening ability is one of the basic language skills that is important in supporting the learning process of students in elementary schools. However, in practice, students still have difficulty in capturing information from listening materials, especially when learning is carried out conventionally without the support of interesting media. This study aims to analyze the ability to listen to information from audio media in grade VI elementary school students with a qualitative approach using the case study method. The steps of the case study method are determining the focus of the study, literature, determining the case, data processing, data analysis, negotiating the results of the study, and conclusions. The subjects of the study consisted of five students who were analyzed based on their answers to five thematic audio media-based listening questions. The results of the study showed that students were able to understand the contents of the story, recognize characters and traits, and capture moral messages from the listening materials. However, there were still shortcomings in the aspect of regularity in reorganizing information and in-depth understanding of the character of the character. The novelty of this study lies in the analytical approach based on mapping student difficulties and the use of audio media that is relevant to everyday life, which has been proven to increase students' imagination and involvement in listening activities. This study recommends the use of audio media in a varied and contextual way in learning Indonesian in elementary schools.