Despite their apparent differences, mathematics and biology are increasingly being used in tandem to model and analyze a wide range of biological processes. This article addresses the use of multiple methods, including population modeling, differential equations, mathematical genetics, and epidemiology, to the study of biology, a field known as biomathematics. Genetic dynamics and the behavior of biological systems, such as population expansion and disease transmission, are understood through mathematical modeling. SIR and SEIR models are used in epidemiology to describe how infectious diseases spread throughout a population. This journal emphasizes the value of mathematical approaches in comprehending intricate biological systems and the necessity of interdisciplinary research between mathematics and biology to address both theoretical and practical issues through a review of the literature. The purpose of this article is to explain the relationship between mathematics and biology and the application of mathematical models in the analysis of biological phenomena. This article uses a literature study writing method by recording research problems, analyzing, and collaborating different thoughts.

Science plays a crucial role in human life as it helps us understand the universe through observation, experimentation, and analysis. In education, science not only teaches scientific concepts but also fosters scientific attitudes and critical thinking skills in students. To make science education more meaningful, interactive, and relevant, a deep understanding of the Nature of Science (NOS) is essential. This study aims to explore the understanding, benefits, and application of scientific concepts in the teaching and learning process to shape students' scientific attitudes. Using a literature review method, this research gathers information from various relevant academic sources. The findings indicate that science encompasses elements of philosophy, sociology, history, and psychology that support scientific understanding. By understanding NOS, students will view science as a process of knowledge discovery, rather than merely a collection of facts. The application of science in education also impacts students' ability to apply knowledge in practical contexts, enhance their analytical skills, and adapt to societal changes.

This research aims to describe the role of teachers in 21st century learning for elementary school students in the independent curriculum.  In this research, the method used is qualitative descriptive analysis with a library research approach, namely an approach that focuses on literature analysis.  Researchers collect data from various written sources such as books, journals and other references.  Based on the research results, it shows that in 21st century learning teachers have a very important and crucial role in the learning process and development of students' skills based on 4C skills (communication, critical thinking, collaboration and creativity).  It is hoped that 21st century learning for elementary school students through the independent curriculum can develop students' potential and skills to compete with developments that are increasingly developing day by day.  The implementation of the independent curriculum in elementary schools also plays a role in creating empowered students, able to adapt to current developments through a project to strengthen the profile of Pancasila students.  Therefore, it is hoped that there will be collaboration and support from parents, school principals and the government so as to produce a young generation who are intelligent, have character and are ready to face the future.
Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana peran guru dalam pembelajaran abad-21 pada siswa sekolah dasar di kurikulum merdeka. Dalam penelitian ini, metode yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan library research, yaitu pendekatan yang berfokus pada analisis literatur. Peneliti mengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber tertulis seperti buku, jurnal, dan referensi lainnya. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dalam pembelajaran abad-21 guru memiliki peran yang sangat penting dan krusial dalam proses pembelajaran dan pengembangan keterampilan siswa berdasarkan keterampilan 4C (communication, critical thinking, collaboration, dan creativity). Pembelajaran abad-21 pada siswa sekolah dasar melalui kurikulum merdeka diharapkan dapat mengembangkan potensi dan keterampilan siswa untuk bersaing dengan perkembangan zaman yang kian hari makin berkembang. Implementasi kurikulum merdeka di sekolah dasar juga berperan untuk menciptakan siswa yang berdaya, mampu beradaptasi dengan perkembangan zaman melalui projek penguatan profil pelajar Pancasila. Oleh karena itu diharapkan adanya kolaborasi dan dukungan  dari orang tua, kepala sekolah dan pemerintah sehingga menghasilkan generasi muda yang cerdas, berkarakter, dan siap menghadapi masa depan.