The implementation of police discretion in the process of investigating criminal defamation cases shows that discretion is an important instrument for police officers in assessing, determining, and following up on a criminal report based on urgency, public interest, and the principles of proportionality and professionalism. In cases of defamation, which are often subjective and private, discretion allows investigators to consider various factors such as motive, impact, and the possibility of resolution outside the criminal path. Factors Affecting the Implementation of Police Discretion in the Process of Investigating Criminal Defamation Cases show that discretion is not carried out absolutely, but is influenced by various internal and external factors, namely: Legal and Regulatory Aspects, Case Characteristics, Professionalism and Ethics of Investigators, Social and Environmental Pressure, Facilities and Resources. Police Discretion should be regulated more clearly in positive law other than Law Number 2 of 2002 and the Criminal Procedure Code so that the principles of Legal Certainty and Respect for Human Rights are more apparent. Police offices need to provide special facilities such as mediation rooms that are neutral, comfortable, and support the creation of a dialogical atmosphere between the disputing parties. Increasing the number of investigators and managing a more balanced workload will provide space for investigators to consider the discretionary path more seriously without sacrificing work efficiency. The Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for discretion at the Polres level needs to be adjusted to local socio-cultural characteristics. In Gorontalo, for example, a legal approach that is sensitive to family values and customs must be officially accommodated in work procedures.

Professional legal ethics plays a crucial role in carrying out the legal profession with integrity and fairness. For Civil Servants (ASN), especially those working at the Higher Education Service Institution (LLDIKTI), the implementation of professional legal ethics becomes even more critical, considering their role as bureaucrats who must uphold legal and ethical values in every decision they make. LLDIKTI is tasked with managing, supervising, and facilitating the organization of higher education in Indonesia, requiring its ASN to always adhere to principles of transparency, justice, and accountability in performing their duties. However, the implementation of professional legal ethics in LLDIKTI faces various challenges, including potential conflicts of interest, political pressure, complex bureaucracy, and limited human resources. This study aims to analyze the implementation of professional legal ethics in LLDIKTI and identify the challenges ASN face in applying these ethics. Additionally, the study seeks to provide recommendations on the steps that should be taken to optimize the implementation of professional legal ethics within the ASN environment in LLDIKTI. This research uses a qualitative approach, referring to legal ethics theories developed by Algra (2013) and Winarta (2007), as well as regulations governing ASN, such as Law No. 5 of 2014. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the formulation of policies and training that enhance the professionalism and integrity of ASN in LLDIKTI.

This study aims to analyze the importance of professional laws and codes of ethics for members of the National Police of the Republic of Indonesia (Polri). The National Police professional code of ethics is a code of conduct that must be followed by every member of the National Police in carrying out their duties and responsibilities. This study examines the legal aspects that govern the code of ethics, as well as evaluating the challenges and its implementation in police practice. Data was collected through literature studies, analysis of laws and regulations, and in-depth interviews with members of the National Police. The results of the study show that effective enforcement of the code of ethics can strengthen integrity, professionalism, and public trust in the National Police. However, several challenges are still faced in the implementation of the code of ethics, such as the lack of socialization and strict supervision. This research provides recommendations to increase awareness and compliance of members of the National Police with the code of ethics, as well as strengthen its enforcement mechanism to strengthen.

This study examines the enforcement of law and ethics in the profession of judges and court employees in Indonesia. Ethics and integrity are crucial elements in maintaining credibility and fairness in the justice system. Although there are strict regulations and codes of ethics, ethical violations and corruption cases still often occur, indicating the need for stricter supervision and sanctions. This study also highlights the importance of continuous ethics education and improving the welfare of judges and court employees as an effort to reduce unethical behavior. In addition, the application of information technology to improve transparency and accountability in the judicial process is also considered an effective solution. In conclusion, consistent enforcement of law and ethics and a strong commitment from all parties involved are essential to creating a fair and transparent justice system in Indonesia.

Notary professional ethics plays an important role in maintaining integrity and public trust in notary practice. This research aims to analyze the regulation of notary professional ethics in the Indonesian legal system and explain the sanctions imposed on violations of these ethics in the practice of notary office. The research method used is the normative juridical method with a statutory approach. The results show that the regulation of notary professional ethics in Indonesia is regulated in Law Number 30 of 2004 concerning the Notary Position which has been amended by Law Number 2 of 2014, as well as the Notary Code of Ethics issued by the Indonesian Notary Association (INI). Violations of professional ethics may be subject to sanctions in the form of reprimand, writing, respectful dismissal, to dishonorable dismissal according to the level of violation. The enforcement of these sanctions aims to maintain professionalism and ensure legal protection for parties using notary services. This study recommends strengthening supervision of the implementation of the code of ethics and increasing education to notaries to prevent violations.
 
 

Guarantee fiduciary guarantees play an important role in economic financing in Indonesia. However, implementation of fiduciary guarantee execution often leads to legal conflicts, especially the abuse of executorial power by creditors. Court Decision Constitutional Court Decision Number 18/PUU-XVII/2019 changes the execution mechanism to better protect the rights of debtors and emphasize the principle of justice. protect the rights of debtors and emphasize the principle of justice. This raises the need to reformulate Perkap No. 8/2011 to be relevant to the changes.changes. Research This research uses a normative method that analyzes the relevant laws and regulations related laws and regulations, the principles of justice, and their compatibility with social dynamics. The focus is to review the relevance and weaknesses of Perkap No. 8/2011 after the Constitutional Court Decision. The Constitutional Court's ruling limits unilateral execution and requires an acknowledgment of default or a court decision before execution. default or court decision before execution is carried out. This increases the protection of debtors' rights, but also adds procedural burdens for creditors. for creditors. The reformulation of Perkap No. 8/2011 is necessary to ensure that execution is more fair and lawful. The reformulation should include mechanisms that prioritize legality, protection of debtor rights, and oversight of abuse. monitoring against abuse. Synergy between the court, the police, and related parties need to be strengthened to create a balanced and transparent legal ecosystem and transparent.

Settlement of land cases through mediation carried out by the Land Office of Boalemo Regency refers to Regulation of Agrarian Affairs Minister and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Number 21 of 2020 concerning Handling and Settlement of Land Cases. Mediation as an alternative for resolving land cases, it is necessary to popularize "mediator". A mediator must know psychologically the condition of the parties, so that they feel comfortable and the problem is resolved comfortably. In addition, the mediator must have analytical skills and expertise in creating a personal approach for the parties involved in the dispute. The mediator must be able to understand and give a positive reaction to the perceptions of each party. The goal is to build good relationships and trust. The parties' trust in the mediator makes it easier to reach a consensus. The priority regarding the purpose and function of the mediator is to resolve land cases in order to resolve cases without creating new ones. The research method that the author uses in this study is the empirical juridical law method, empirical juridical law is a study in addition to looking at the positive legal aspects, it also looks at its application or practice in the field. Thus the empirical juridical approach is a legal research method that seeks to see the law in a real sense or it can be said to see, examine, how the law works in society. The results shows that the handling and settlement of land cases through mediation at the Land Office of Boalemo Regency Land Office is done and carried out based on the Agrarian Affairs Minister Regulation and Spatial Planning/Head of the National Land Agency Number 21 of 2020 concerning Handling and Settlement of Land Cases. Constraints faced in handling and resolving land cases through mediation at the Land Office of Boalemo Regency are in the form of juridical and non-juridical constraints. The juridical constraint is the technical instructions for the mediation procedure referred to by the regulation have not yet been published, while the non-juridical constraint is in the form of limited qualified human resources as mediators. Based on this, the Ministry of Agrarian Affairs and Spatial Planning/National Land Agency in the future must make structured, systematic and massive improvements to the mediation process by immediately issuing technical instructions and improving the quality of human resources in terms of being a mediator through guidance, training and direction.

Music has become an important part of mental healing efforta. This is because music can reduce anxiety, such as symptoms of depression, anxiety, fear and have a positive effect on mood. However, research that describes statistically and explains visually is still rarely done. Therefore, this study aims to describe statistically and visualize the effectiveness of music as a healing of mental disorders. Through the literature study method, namely the search for references related to mental diseases and music, and pyton analysis, namely to conduct statistical data analysis and visualize data. The results explained that sufferers of mental disorders who listen to music are anxiety, depression, insomnia, OCD, the average age of listening to music that is affected by mental disorders of 14 years to 20 years as many as 300 people, on average per day listening to music for three hours a day as many as 175 as many as 175 People, the effectiveness of healing listening to music as many as 548 people from 736 people or in a percentage of 74.5% of the success rate of music in curing mental illness. This study proves that mental disorders can be cured by listening to music, especially music with rock and pop genres. This research contributes to the knowledge of listening to music into an alternative to healing mental disorders.Therefore future research is necessary to study in other mental disease disorders, not limited to patients with anxiety, Isomania, depression, OCD.