Inquiry learning strategy is an educational approach that places students at the center of the learning process by encouraging them to actively seek, discover, and conclude knowledge through questioning, observing, and critically analyzing. In this strategy, students are not passive recipients of information from the teacher but are directly involved in learning activities that demand critical and analytical thinking skills. Through inquiry learning, students develop critical thinking abilities by engaging in stages such as problem formulation, hypothesis development, data collection, and drawing conclusions based on observations and analysis. This approach has been proven effective in enhancing students’ critical thinking skills as it promotes active and independent participation in learning, while also boosting motivation and self-confidence. The teacher acts as a facilitator who guides and motivates students to sharpen their critical thinking skills in solving problems systematically and logically. Thus, inquiry learning strategy not only enriches students’ understanding of the subject matter but also equips them with essential thinking skills to face future life and learning challenges.

This study aims to examine the strengthening of collaborative learning strategies in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) to develop students' social intelligence. Collaborative learning is considered an effective approach to improving social skills and interactions among students, which are crucial in character development based on Islamic values. Through a literature review, this research analyzes various references discussing the basic concepts, implementation, and role of collaborative strategies in building social intelligence according to Islamic teachings. The findings indicate that collaborative learning strategies enhance students' communication skills, empathy, and social responsibility, while also reinforcing religious values in social life. However, the success of its implementation is influenced by supporting factors such as teacher support, learning facilities, as well as challenges like disparities in students' abilities and limited time. This research is expected to contribute to the development of collaborative-based learning methods in religious education in Indonesia.

This study aims to explore the strategy of literacy-based learning in Islamic Religious Education (IRE) to enhance students' understanding of Islam. Through a literature review approach, this research analyzes various sources related to the implementation of literacy in IRE teaching and its impact on students' comprehension of Islamic teachings. The findings indicate that literacy-based learning enhances students' critical skills in understanding religious texts and enriches their understanding of Islam in a practical context. Moreover, this strategy plays a key role in character building, fostering moral values, raising social awareness, and improving communication skills. The teacher's role as a facilitator guiding students in developing religious literacy skills is also crucial for the success of this approach. This study aims to contribute to the development of a more relevant and effective IRE teaching model in the digital era.

The moral crisis experienced by Generation Z in the digital era is a major challenge triggered by globalization and rapid technological developments. This generation is often influenced by digital culture that can shift important moral values. Education, especially Islamic education, plays a key role in addressing this problem by instilling moral values, digital ethics, and social responsibility. Islamic education can help shape the character of the younger generation by equipping them with strong morality, critical thinking, and the ability to navigate the digital world wisely. Therefore, it is important to integrate moral and spiritual education so that Generation Z can face it with integrity and wisdom. Islamic education that prioritizes the values ??of faith and ethics has the potential to be the main solution in facing this moral crisis.

This study aims to explore the implementation of expository teaching strategies in enhancing students' communication competencies in the digital era. Using a qualitative research method with a library research approach, this study analyzes various literatures related to expository teaching, communication competencies, and the use of digital technology in education. The findings reveal that expository teaching supported by digital technology can enrich the learning experience by increasing interactivity, accessibility, and understanding of the material. However, challenges such as the digital divide, digital distractions, and the need for adequate digital literacy skills were also identified. In conclusion, while the implementation of expository teaching based on technology offers numerous benefits, proper management and adequate training support for both teachers and students are crucial to maximize learning outcomes.

The expository learning strategy in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) remains relevant as a classical Islamic scholarly heritage but requires creative transformation to address digital-age challenges. This article examines the implementation of expository strategies through literature study, analyzing philosophical foundations, effectiveness, contemporary challenges, and innovation models. The research reveals that expository strategies are effective for normative PAI materials but face complex challenges including shifting cognitive patterns of digital natives, decentralization of knowledge authority, and technological disparities. Various innovative models (interactive, contextual, multimedia, reflective) offer solutions by integrating traditional expository strengths with modern approaches. The study concludes that successful implementation requires paradigmatic reconstruction through "pedagogical ijtihad" balancing Islamic scholarly authenticity with 21st-century learning needs. PAI teachers must master three core competencies: depth of religious knowledge, pedagogical sophistication, and technological literacy. 

Islamic education plays a crucial role in shaping the character and spiritual intelligence of students. Through Islamic learning strategies, students are not only provided with religious knowledge but also guided to develop moral, ethical, and spiritual values in their lives. This article discusses the influence of Islamic education on the development of spiritual intelligence, the role of educators, and the challenges and implications of its implementation. The research findings show that Islamic education significantly contributes to the formation of disciplined, honest, responsible, and empathetic individuals. Although there are some challenges in the implementation of this strategy, such as limited resources and resistance to religion-based approaches, Islamic learning strategies can have a significant positive impact on the moral and spiritual development of students. Islamic education also has positive implications in students' social relationships and the development of environmental awareness.

This article discusses the Direct Instruction strategy, a teacher-centered learning approach that emphasizes systematic and structured delivery of material. The purpose of this study is to address the following research questions: (1) What is meant by direct instruction strategy? (2) What are the characteristics of the direct instruction strategy? (3) What are its strengths and weaknesses? and (4) How is the direct instruction strategy applied in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) subjects? This article uses a library research method by examining various relevant theoretical sources. The findings indicate that direct instruction is an effective approach for delivering factual and procedural knowledge, particularly when learning objectives focus on mastering basic skills and understanding concepts in stages. This strategy is characterized by clear teacher guidance, structured learning steps, and continuous assessment. Its advantages include time efficiency and ease of classroom control, while its drawbacks involve limited student participation and less development of critical thinking skills. In the context of PAI learning, this strategy can be effectively applied to memorization materials, basic conceptual understanding, and character formation through concrete examples and teacher modeling.
 
 
 

This article aims to describe (tell) the form of implementation of affective learning carried out by the Prophet Khidir for the Prophet Musa and its application today. This research uses library research methodology and is qualitative in nature, because the data collected uses textual analysis contained in books and journals related to models, approaches, methods and learning techniques. The results of this research are the first in this study to obtain an understanding of affective learning strategies. Both characteristics of affective learning strategies. The three models of affective learning strategies. Fourth difficulty in affective learning strategies. Fifth, the implications of the affective learning strategy carried out by the prophet Khidir to the prophet Musa. Sixth: Implementation of today's affective learning strategies.

Learning strategies are approaches or methods used to teach and help students understand subject matter more effectively. Learning is the main key in Education, of course the use of the right strategy will have a positive impact on the development of learning and understanding of students.success in Education is certainly the main concern of all of us, In this study will discuss the differentiation learning strategy where this differentiation learning strategy is a learning model where educators provide an approach that allows overcoming learning difficulties faced by students.