This study aims to find out how Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in reducing poverty in Molibagu Village, Bolaang Uki District, South Bolaang Mongondow Regency and analyze what factors affect the effectiveness of Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in reducing poverty in Molibagu Village, Bolaang Uki District, South Bolaang Mongondow Regency. By using a qualitative method, a descriptive approach with an ethnographic research design. Data collection techniques through interviews, observations and documentation. Data analysis is carried out by means of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawn. The results of the study show that Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in Molibagu Village, Bolaang Uki District, South Bolaang Mongondow Regency aims to reduce poverty by providing cash assistance to very poor families, especially those who have vulnerable members such as toddlers, pregnant women, school-age children, the elderly, and people with disabilities. Through this assistance, Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) focuses on increasing family access to education, health, and welfare, so that it can reduce the economic burden they face. The factors that affect the effectiveness of Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) in Molibagu Village, Bolaang Uki District are internal and external factors. Internal factors ensure the effectiveness of Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) by ensuring the accuracy of aid receipts, smooth administration, recipient satisfaction, and officer performance in data collection, distribution, and mentoring. External factors focus on improving family welfare through access to quality education, as well as the social and economic impacts that can be obtained from employment opportunities, business capital, and market support that support family economic development.

This study aims to determine the influence of the Project Based Learning (PjBL) learning model on students' creative thinking skills in Social Sciences (IPS) subjects at SMP Negeri 8 Gorontalo. Creative thinking skills are one of the 21st century skills that need to be developed in the learning process, especially in social studies lessons that require analysis and solving social problems. This study employed a quantitative approach utilizing primary data from questionnaires distributed to students at SMP Negeri 8 Gorontalo. The sample consisted of 30 respondents, and the data analysis was performed using simple linear regression. The analysis shows that the t-count for the project-based learning model variable is 6.060. To determine whether Ho is confirmed or rejected, the t-table was calculated at a 5% statistical significance level, resulting in a t-table of 1.701. The comparison indicates that the t-count is greater than the t-table. This leads to the rejection of Ho, implying a significant effect of the project-based learning model on students' creative thinking skills.

This study aims to determine the influence of teachers‘ teaching variation skills and learning interest on student’ learning activities, both partially and simultaneously, in the subject of Social Science for class VIII at SMP Negeri 1 Atinggola. The study adopted a quantitative approach utilizing a correlational method. The Primary data were obtained through questionnaire. The sample of the study consisted of 64 respondents. Furthermore, the data was performed using multiple linear regression. The findings indicate that both teaching variation skliss and learning interest significantly influence students’ both patially and simultaneously. The partial influence of the teaching variation variable on learning activities is 29.6%, whereas the partial influence of learning interest on learning activities is 27,9%. The simultaneous influence of teaching variation and learning interest on learning activities is 57,5%, with the remaining 42.5% influenced by other unexamined variables.