This study aims to describe the trend of research on carbon tax, focusing on article identification including the year of publication, the countries that produce the most articles, the articles with the most citations and related topics. This study uses bibliometric analysis with VOSviewer software based on Scopus data, covering 206 articles published from 2015-2025. Data was collected using the keyword “Carbon Tax” to be analyzed for identification. The results found that the number of publications on carbon tax fluctuated each year, with 2024 being the most published year with 37 articles. China and the United States lead in the number of articles and citations, followed by India and other countries. The article "Retailer-driven carbon emission abatement with consumer environmental awareness and carbon tax: Revenue-sharing versus Cost-sharing" was the most cited with 359 citations. Research trends on carbon taxes focus on emissions control and the environment, emissions trading and public policy, economic analysis and computational modeling, sustainability policy and supply chains and environmentally sustainable renewable energy. The pattern of research conducted by researchers shows that research on carbon tax now focuses on carbon emission trading, energy supply chain, transition to renewable energy as well as more technical aspects such as carbon accounting, sensitivity analysis and energy utilization in achieving net zero emission

21st century teachers are required to be professional, required to have a combination of 4 main skills, namely: academic, professional and social skills to educate and teach students effectively and efficiently. Increasing teacher academic competence is very important in supporting students' preparation for the 21st century generation, in addition to other competencies. Academic competency includes mastery of material and how to convey that material effectively and efficiently. This Community Service Activity (PKM) aims to improve teacher academic competence through training and mentoring activities with Project Based Learning (PJBL) and Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning models. The PKM method used is a service learning process. Participants in PKM activities are teachers from SMAN 1 Purwosari, Pasuruan Regency. Data was collected using techniques: observation, interviews, tests and questionnaires. The results of PKM activities show an increase in teacher academic competence regarding 2 learning models (PJBL and PBL). The teacher's response after participating in PKM activities was very good and positive and they even recommended similar activities in 2025.

The world economic situation from 2010 to 2012 was full of uncertainties. However, the uncertainty of the global economic situation is expected to remain at a high level and have an impact on falling world commodity prices as a result of weakening world trade. In addition, significantly the current business environment is undergoing complex changes. Thus, business uncertainty (turbulence) is increasingly real. This study uses the literature method in examining more deeply the problems that will be discussed. This study describes the importance of external analysis in facing a recession. The results of the study show that the company or organization assisted by the company can formulate the right strategy by considering the threats and opportunities from the recession problem that has occurred.