Ferns are low-level plants whose distribution is quite wide and are often found on the campus of UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. The aim of this research is to determine the calcification and relationships of ferns that live in the campus area using direct exploration methods by observing their morphological characteristics. The data from morphological observations is then processed into a dendogrm so that relationships can be identified and read using the similarity index formula. The results of this research show that 2 divisions of ferns were found, namely pteridophyta and traceophyta. In the pteridophyta division, 1 class, 2 orders, 6 families and 9 species were found. Meanwhile, in the traceophyta division, 1 class, 1 order, 1 family and 1 species were found. The results of the kinship analysis show that the 10 species of ferns can be divided into 2 large groups based on 16 morphological traits. The relationship between species is measured using the Sorensen similarity index, which shows that several species have a relationship that is very close (? 75%), close (51-74%), not close (26-50%), and very not close (? 25%). For example, Pityrogramma calomelanos and Adiantum capillus are very closely related with a similarity index of 87.5%, while Pyrrosia piloselloides and Phymatosorus scolopendria are not closely related with a similarity index of 43%.

This study aims to identify morphological and reproductive characters in Thallophyta and Bryophyta in UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Bryophytes have high species diversity and are known as the second largest group of plants after flowering plants. They play an important role in maintaining ecosystems, especially water balance and nutrient cycles, and serve as bioindicators due to their sensitivity to environmental changes. The study was conducted by taking samples of leaf lichens and crustose lichens on various substrates such as rocks, soil, and trees, then observed using a stereo microscope and binocular microscope. The results showed that Thallophyta, such as crustose lichens, have unique morphological structures and can reproduce through ascospores, while Bryophyta, such as leaf mosses, have a life cycle that includes gametophyte and sporophyte stages. Reproduction in leaf mosses occurs sexually through the antheridium and archegonium, and asexually through stolon fragmentation. In addition to their ecological role, lichens also provide important habitat for a variety of organisms and help maintain the balance of tropical forest ecosystems. The adaptation of lichens to a wide range of environmental conditions allows them to survive in various substrates and extreme situations. This study provides new insights into the role of lichens in ecosystems and their potential applications for environmental conservation and restoration. The results of this study can serve as a basis for biodiversity conservation efforts and sustainable environmental management. Therefore, it is important to take appropriate conservation measures to preserve the vital role of lichens in ecosystems and the overall health of the environment.