This study aims to improve the early reading and writing skills of first-grade students at SDN 101280 Gunung Tua Tonga in the 2024/2025 academic year through the implementation of the Inkaber model (Inductive Picture-Word Model). The background of this research is based on the low early literacy skills of students, indicated by an average score of 1.39 on a 1–4 scale, as well as the minimal use of media and engaging learning approaches. This research is a Classroom Action Research (CAR) using the Kemmis & McTaggart model, conducted in two cycles, each consisting of planning, action, observation, and reflection stages. The objectives of this study are to describe the initial conditions of students' reading and writing skills, to portray the learning process using the Inkaber model, and to explain the improvement in literacy performance after the implementation. The results showed that the application of the Inkaber model significantly improved students’ reading and writing skills. In the initial condition, the average writing score was 58.5 and the reading score was 60.2, with most students not meeting the Minimum Competency Criteria (MCC). After two cycles of implementation, all students met the MCC with an average writing score of 85.24 and reading score of 84.70. The conclusion of this study is that the Inkaber model is effective for use in early literacy learning. The combination of visual media, interactive approaches, and contextual learning strategies made the lessons more engaging and meaningful for lower-grade students. This model is recommended as an alternative for improving early reading and writing skills in elementary schools.

This study aims to analyze the Pareto distribution of stock quality in 16 Apotek Kimia Farma outlets in Southeast Sulawesi during the period of January to October 2024, with a focus on inventory management based on ABC analysis. The research employed a descriptive quantitative design with a longitudinal (time series) approach, involving descriptive, trend, comparative, and correlation analyses to evaluate stock distribution and its stability. The findings show that, overall, the stock distribution in Kimia Farma outlets follows the Pareto principle, with category A accounting for an average of 73-86% of total sales value. However, significant variations were found across outlets, with outlets such as KF 004 and KF Hasanuddin Kendari showing high stability in category A distribution, while outlets like KF BULOG and KF Kolaka exhibited greater fluctuations. Seasonal patterns were also identified, with a decrease in category A percentages in April-May and October. Based on these findings, optimizing inventory management strategies based on Pareto distribution can enhance stock management efficiency, with recommendations to focus on category A, conduct regular evaluations of categories B and C, and adjust for seasonal patterns. This study suggests the implementation of more flexible inventory management strategies for each outlet to improve operational efficiency and customer service.

Since its appearance, Corona Virus Disease 2019 or Covid-19 has become a problem in various parts of the world. The sectors most affected by the Covid-19 pandemic are airlines, transportation, hotels, shopping centers and restaurants. This uncertain situation will further aggravate global financial stability. Mainly this has an impact on business activities in stores, convenience stores and shopping centers. Surabaya as a metropolitan city as well as the capital of East Java is participating in suppressing the prevention of Covid by making Perwali Surabaya No. 33 of 2020 concerning New Normal Procedures Guidelines for Business Activities in Stores, Supermarkets and Shopping Centers in pandemic conditions This research is a normative legal research and empirical law, namely research conducted by collecting legal materials, both primary, secondary and or tertiary.

Artikel ini membahas Penerapan pendekatan saintifik dan penilaian autentik dalam pembelajaran PAI pada Kelas VI di SMP Daarul Aitam Palembang mulai dari perencanaan pendekatan saintifik, pelaksanaan pendekatan saintifik dan penilaian autentik. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dengan subyek penelitian Guru PAI, Kepala Sekolah, Wakil Kepala Bidang Kurikulum dan siswa. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi, wawancara, dan telaah dokumen sedangkan teknik analisis data menggunakan model Miles and Huberman dengan tahapan Data Reduction (Reduksi data), Data Display (Penyajian data), dan Conclusion Drawing/verification (Penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi) serta teknik keabsahan data dengan triangulasi sumber. Hasil penelitian yakni aspek perencanaan diwujudkan dalam pembuatan Rencana Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran dengan mengkaji silabus, merumuskan indikator pencapaian kompetensi, menentukan materi pembelajaran yang berasal dari buku teks, menjabarkan kegiatan pembelajaran yang lebih operasional berupa pendekatan saintifik yang sesuai. Aspek pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan saintifik dengan langkah mengamati, menanya, mengumpulkan informasi/mencoba, menalar/mengasosiasi, dan mengomunikasikan mendapati kesuliatan pada mengumpulkan informasi/mencoba, menalar/mengasosiasi. Pelaksanaan pembelajaran dengan pendekatan saintifik masih dirasa kurang optimal dikarenakan guru dan siswa perlu penyesuaian dengan kurikulum 2013. Aspek penilaian autentik perlu peningkatan pemahaman tentang pembuatan pedoman penilaian, intrumen penilaian dan format penilaian baik pada penilaian sikap, pengatahuan dan keterampilan.