Minerals are solid objects that can be found in nature, formed inorganically, with chemical composition at certain limits and have atoms arranged regularly. Rocks can be distinguished based on the formation process and mineral content. The purpose of this study is to identify minerals in sedimentary rocks and laterite deposits in this study used analytical methods, namely Binocular Microscope and XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) laboratory tests. XRD analysis is used to determine the type of mineral in the sample. Based on the results of the XRD X-Ray Diffraction lab test, each sample has a different mineral content.

People's mining activities in Gamey Village, Uwapa District, Nabire Regency, Central Papua Province are carried out to meet daily needs and improve the welfare of the local community. This mining activity is based on alluvial deposit conditions and is applied for mining sediments on the surface and using alcon machines. for high pressure water spray. This community mining activity is divided into several stages starting from preparation of mining land, processing and production processes as well as selling gold products for sale. This research aims to examine the gold processing used by small-scale miners in Uwapa District, Gamey Village, and its impact on the environment and public health. The main focus of this research is on the use of the sluice box method, which is the gold processing technique most commonly used by local communities. This method was chosen for its simplicity and low cost, although the gold recovery efficiency varies between 50-70%. Additionally, this research evaluates alternative technologies such as shake tables and centrifuges that can increase gold recovery efficiency and be more environmentally friendly. The research results show that the implementation of alternative technology requires training, procurement of adequate equipment and infrastructure as well as ongoing monitoring. By adopting better technology, it is hoped that gold mining activities in Gamey Village can run more productively and sustainably, improving community welfare without damaging the environment.

Based on Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources data, regarding the target achievement of mechanical equipment performance in mining companies, PT Bumi Nikel Nusantara has a level of achievement value of equipment performance less than the value set in the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Decree No.1827/2018. A mechanical equipment performance value can be achieved by examining ongoing mining activities on one mining front that includes loading and transportation activities. One of the efforts is to know the productive time, calculate the obstacle time and repair time of the equipment in case of damage. The results of the performance for the Use of Availability (UA) parameter of the EHJ Block Mawar pit loading equipment is 74% (not achieved), 71% Pit Mawar transport equipment, pit 3 loading excavation equipment 75% (achieved), and Pit 3 transport equipment 71% (not achieved). While the results of the study of the achievement of productivity of the loading and unloading equipment show the achievement with a value for loading equipment of 76,71% (not achieved) and transport equipment of 65,63% (not achieved).