The beauty industry is experiencing significant growth due to digital transformation, particularly through the use of brand ambassadors and social media marketing. This study investigates the impact of brand ambassadors and social media marketing on purchase intention, with brand image as the mediating variable. This research focuses on Azarine, the skincare from Indonesia and targets potential consumers in Riau Islands aged 18-44 who follow the Instagram account @azarinecosmeticofficial and recognize Prilly Latuconsina, Syifa Hadju, Angga Yunanda, and Lee Min Ho as brand ambassadors. A quantitative approach was applied using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software. The research shows that brand ambassadors and social media marketing positively and significantly influence purchase intentions, with a higher direct impact compared to an indirect one through brand image. This study highlights the effectiveness of digital brand strategies in shaping consumer decisions and offers insights for marketing professionals in the beauty sector. These results emphasize the strategic role of celebrity endorsements and content-based engagement in influencing consumer perceptions and purchasing behavior.

The rapid growth of financial technology (fintech) has significantly transformed the funding landscape for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), offering innovative financial solutions beyond traditional banking institutions. This study presents a bibliometric analysis of fintech’s role in SME financing, identifying emerging trends and research gaps. Utilizing bibliographic coupling and co-occurrence network analysis, data from Scopus were analyzed to uncover the intellectual structure and evolution of research in this field. The results highlight key themes, including the integration of blockchain, peer-to-peer lending, financial inclusion, and crowdfunding in SME financing. A particular focus on Islamic finance and Islamic crowdfunding indicates a growing interest in alternative financing mechanisms that align with Sharia principles. Additionally, the study reveals an increasing academic focus on fintech adoption in developing economies, particularly in Indonesia and Nigeria, where access to capital remains a critical challenge. The findings underscore fintech’s role in democratizing financial access for SMEs, bridging funding gaps, and fostering economic growth. Future research should investigate regulatory frameworks, risk management strategies, and technological adoption models to optimize the impact of fintech on sustainability in SME financing.

This study examines the effect of leverage on the profitability of PT Pabrik Kertas Tjiwi Kimia Tbk during the 2020–2024 period. Using a causal research method with secondary data obtained from financial reports published on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), the study analyzes the relationship between Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) as the leverage indicator and Return on Assets (ROA) as the profitability indicator. The results indicate a significant negative relationship between leverage and profitability. Increased DER is associated with a decrease in ROA, suggesting that excessive debt reduces financial performance due to higher interest costs and financial risks. This study contributes to the understanding of leverage's impact on profitability in the manufacturing sector, offering valuable insights for corporate management, investors, and academics. Recommendations include enhancing operational efficiency and optimizing debt management strategies to improve long-term profitability

Firm value is the investor's perception of the company's success in managing the company's resources. Companies are required to think effectively and efficiently and excel in competition. To increase the value of the company, all companies must compete; this study aims to determine the direct and indirect effects of corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital, and capital structure on firm value through profitability in companies in the raw material-producing sector and the manufacturing industry on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for 2016- 2020. This study uses a quantitative descriptive, explanatory approach. The sampling population is companies that are members of the raw material producing and manufacturing sector companies. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Research samples were obtained from 16 companies. The type of data used is secondary data. The data analysis technique used path analysis with the help of SPSS version 25. The results showed that corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital, and capital structure had a positive and significant effect on profitability. Corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital, capital structure, and profitability positively and significantly impact firm value. Profitability can mediate the development of corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital, and capital structure on firm value. This study found that profitability can judge the effect of corporate social responsibility, intellectual capital, and capital structure on company value in companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2016-2022

Seeing the important role of entrepreneurship in the Indonesian government's economy, universities in Indonesia have provided education on entrepreneurship for their students. It is intended that their students can become entrepreneurs after graduating from college. However, becoming an entrepreneur is not easy, because it requires strong motivation from within a person to start their own business. The decision to become an entrepreneur is also not popular because of the large responsibilities that must be borne by business owners. Therefore this study wants to see the meaning of entrepreneurship for an alumnus of Business Administration Education. This research was conducted using a qualitative phenomenological method. The results of this study state that several attitudes must be owned by an entrepreneur, challenges that must be faced by an entrepreneur, and the benefits of entrepreneurship. The subjects of this study were alumni of the Universitas Negeri Malang Faculty of Economics and Business Commerce Education who already have their businesses. This research is also expected to be able to provide additional contributions to material about entrepreneurship