The potential of cardiac markers in predicting preeclampsia, such as Creatinine Kinase (CK) and Tyrosine Kinase 1 (TK1), has emerged as promising due to their involvement in the pathophysiology of this pregnancy complication. Preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension and organ dysfunction, and it can lead to significant maternal and fetal morbidity if not detected early. Early identification of preeclampsia is critical for preventing severe complications, and biomarkers like CK and TK1 can provide valuable insights. This study aimed to investigate the role of CK and TK1 as potential predictors of preeclampsia in the third trimester of pregnancy. Forty (40) consenting pregnant women were recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. Participants were divided into two groups: twenty (20) normotensive pregnant women and twenty (20) preeclamptic pregnant women in their third trimester. Blood samples were collected and processed using a bucket centrifuge at 2500 RPM for 10 minutes, and plasma was stored frozen for further analysis. Tyrosine Kinase 1 was analyzed by fluorescence immunoassay, and Creatinine Kinase was measured using a spectrophotometric method. Data obtained were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9, with results expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance was set at a P-value of ? 0.05. The study found a statistically significant increase in the levels of both CK and TK1 in preeclamptic women compared to normotensive controls. These findings suggest that CK and TK1 could serve as predictive biomarkers for identifying and monitoring preeclampsia, aiding in early diagnosis and timely interventions

Cardiac Troponin1 (cTn1) is a protein released into the bloodstream following cardiac damage and Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is a hormone released by the heart in response to ventricular stretch and pressure overload. This study aims to investigate the predictive role of cTn1 and BNP in preeclamptic pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Forty (40) consenting pregnant women were recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. Blood samples was spun in a bucket centrifuge at 2500 RPM (rounds per minute) for 10 minutes after which plasma was collected and stored frozen in plain sample bottles and was analyzed for Cardiac Troponin 1(cTn1) and Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) by fluorescence immunoassay. Data obtained from this study were analysed using Graph Pad Prism 9. Results generated were expressed as mean ± SEM and a P-value of ? 0.05 were considered statistically significant.  The present study showed that there was statistically significant increase in Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) in preeclamptic women compared to normotensive pregnant women, indicating various underlying pathophysiological processes. These findings suggest the potential predictive roles of this cardiac marker in identifying and monitoring preeclampsia.

The use of ECG patterns as predictors of preeclampsia offers a promising approach, as it is a widely available and cost-effective tool. Specific ECG patterns, including angle of deviation, QRS Complex (Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH) , Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)), and T wave amplitudes as a potential tool for predicting preeclampsia. The aim of this study is to investigate the predictive role of angle of deviation, QRS Complex (Right Ventricular Hypertrophy (RVH) , Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)), and T wave amplitudes in preeclamptic pregnant women during the third trimester. Fourty (40) consenting pregnant women were recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. These subjects consisted of  twenty (20) normotensive  and twenty (20) preeclamptic pregnant women in their  third trimester of pregnancy. After the subjects were  identified and recruited into the study, they were taken to the laboratory where their vital signs was taken and their ECG patterns recorded with ECG machine. Data obtained from this study were analysed using Graph Pad Prism 9. Results generated were expressed as mean ± SEM and a P-value of ? 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results from this present study show no significant differences were observed in QRS complex angles related to right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) between normotensive and preeclamptic pregnant women. Notably, there was a significant increase in QRS complex related to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in preeclamptic pregnant women, indicating left ventricular remodeling's importance. Moreover, there was a significant increase in T wave amplitude, this suggests underlying myocardial electrical remodeling or dysfunction in preeclampsia, emphasizing the need for cardiovascular monitoring. The study underscores the multifactorial nature of cardiovascular changes in preeclampsia and highlights the potential of ECG parameters in aiding early detection.

Early detection and prediction of preeclampsia are crucial to prevent severe complications and ensure timely interventions, Specific ECG patterns, including PR segment, Q wave duration and amplitude, ST segment, U wave, and sinus rhythm were under study for their potential indicators of preeclampsia. This study aims to investigate the predictive role of these ECG patterns in preeclamptic pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Fourty (40) consenting pregnant women were recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. These subjects consisted of  twenty (20) normotensive  and twenty (20) preeclamptic pregnant women in their  third trimester of pregnancy. After the subjects were  identified and recruited into the study, they were taken to the laboratory where their vital signs was taken and their ECG patterns recorded with ECG machine. Data obtained from this study were analysed using Graph Pad Prism 9. Results generated were expressed as mean ± SEM and a P-value of ? 0.05 were considered statistically significant. results from this present study show no significant differences were observed in the P-R segment, R-R interval, Q wave duration, Q wave amplitude The study underscores the multifactorial nature of cardiovascular changes in preeclampsia and highlights the potential of ECG parameters in aiding early detection, risk stratification, and management of the condition, despite  parameters showing no significant differences. However, PR Segment, Q Wave duration and amplitude, ST Segment , U wave and Sinus rhythm cannot be used to predict preeclampsia
 

C-reactive protein (CRP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are general marker for inflammation and Arterial damage results from white blood cell invasion. This study aims to assess the level  of inflammatory markers C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) in preeclamptic pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy. Fourty (40) consenting pregnant women were recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. Blood samples was spun in a bucket centrifuge at 2500 RPM (rounds per minute) for 10 minutes after which plasma was collected and stored frozen in plain sample bottles and was analyzed for C-reactive protein (CRP) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels by fluorescence immuno assay. Data obtained from this study were analysed using Graph Pad Prism 9. Results generated were expressed as mean ± SEM and a P-value of ? 0.05 were considered statistically significant.  The present study showed that there was statistically significant increase in the level of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) and High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) in preeclamptic women compared to normotensive pregnant women, indicating various underlying pathophysiological processes such as inflammation.

The predictive role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of human pregnancy is of particular interest, as oxidative stress is increased in normotensive pregnant women through systemic inflammatory response, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). This study involved 40 consenting pregnant women recruited from St. Philomina Catholic Hospital, Edo State, Nigeria. Data obtained were analyzed using GraphPad Prism 9. Results were expressed as mean ± SEM, with a P-value of ? 0.05 considered statistically significant. Malondialdehyde (MDA) increased from 3.75 ± 0.42 U/L in normotensive women to 4.53 ± 0.59 U/L in preeclamptic women. However, this increase was not statistically significant (p<0.05; 0.2903). Catalase activity decreased from 114 ± 8.07 U/L in normotensive women to 84.02 ± 21.58 U/L in preeclamptic women, but this decrease was also not statistically significant (p<0.05; 0.1909). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased from 40.82 ± 1.23 U/L in normotensive women to 71.90 ± 5.61 U/L in preeclamptic women. This increase was statistically significant (p<0.05; <0.0001). Glutathione peroxidase (GSH) decreased from 66.74 ± 10.35 U/L in normotensive women to 50.63 ± 8.96 U/L in preeclamptic women, but this decrease was not statistically significant (p<0.05; 0.2466). These findings suggest the potential predictive roles of these biomarkers in identifying and monitoring preeclampsia.