State resilience has become a topic that is widely discussed and the state continues to try to maintain it through many strategic steps, regulations that strengthen its position and the procurement of new and used military equipment that further strengthens the state's defense position. Purchasing used defense equipment has become an increasingly attractive strategy for the Ministry of Defense to strengthen its military strength by taking advantage of its limited budget. This research aims to analyze the process of purchasing used defense equipment by the Ministry of Defense, as well as the factors that influence purchasing decisions. A case study approach is used by exploring data from various sources. The research results show that factors such as the condition of used defense equipment, reliability, military operational needs, as well as financial and information security aspects play an important role in the procurement process. Apart from that, transparency, accountability and compliance with regulations are also a focus in this process. The implication of this research is the importance of targeted policies to increase effectiveness and efficiency.

Along with the development of the era of globalization, the education system around the world has also undergone changes, especially regarding the learning of students. Recently, developments have started from the online learning system or E-Learning. Or have begun to change because of the increasingly growing digital platforms. Meanwhile, the e-learning industry in Indonesia has not been able to develop better. The main objective of this study is to understand the barriers to implementing e-learning in Indonesia apart from the benefits of online education, such as lower costs and pedagogical benefits. The researcher proposes an initial conceptual framework that explains the steps and intentions of students to switch to utilizing e-learning. In our future research, researchers will refine and test conceptual frameworks and provide guidelines for higher education institutions and policy makers on institutional change to support the use of e-learning.