This study examines the theoretical foundation of applying forensic audits to identify financial fraud. It focuses on key factors such as auditor competence and professional skepticism, as discussed in various studies. Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through literature review to gather diverse perspectives on forensic audit practices and their effectiveness in detecting financial fraud. By analyzing various journals that employ a quantitative approach, this review identifies key themes such as auditor competency, professional skepticism, and audit techniques used in detecting fraud. The findings indicate that a combination of auditor expertise and skepticism can significantly enhance the effectiveness of forensic audits in detecting financial fraud. This review also concludes that forensic auditing is effective in uncovering various types of fraud.

This study explores external audit practices in manufacturing companies. This article aims to examine external audit practices at PT Indofood, one of the largest food and beverage companies in Indonesia. The primary focus is on the audit procedures used and compli- ance with applicable audit standards. By using literature analysis and secondary data from various journals and PT Indofood's annual financial reports, this research provides in-depth insight into the effectiveness of external audits in increasing company transparency and accountability. The existing findings show that PT Indofood has carried out an external audit of their consolidated reports in accordance with applicable regulations. This finding underlines that no problems have occurred with external audit practices within PT Indofood so far.

The company will continue to improve its fundamentals to increase investor interest in investing. With a company that is engaged in providing basic human needs, namely food and beverages, investors are considered to be interested in the market that continues to grow in the industry. This research aims to examine the direct and indirect effect on firm size, profitability on firm value through mediation of capital structure in manufacturing food and beverage sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2016–2020 period using purposive sampling method. There are 13 manufacturing companieson food and beverage industry selected as samples. The analytical method used is path analysis using the SmartPLS version 3.0 software program. From the results of this research it can be concluded that firm size has a significant effect on capital structure, profitability has no significant effect on capital structure, firm size has no significant effect on firm value, profitability has a significant effect on firm value, capital structure has a significant effect on firm value, firm size has an effect significant effect on firm value through capital structure mediation, profitability has no significant effect on firm value through capital structure mediation. However, companies will continue to compete to increase the firm value to increase investor interest in investing by paying attention to the variables contained in the financial statements.