This study aims to examine effective learning strategies in improving elementary school students' understanding of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) mathematics questions through a numeracy approach. The numeracy approach is an ability that not only involves numeracy skills, but also understanding and applying mathematical concepts in the context of everyday life so that students can think critically, analytically, and creatively. The method used in this study is a literature study that examines various scientific sources related to the application of numeracy and the development of HOTS in mathematics learning at the elementary school level. The results of the study indicate that learning strategies such as problem-based learning, Indonesian Realistic Mathematics Education (PMRI), collaborative learning, the use of interactive media, and integrated numeracy formative assessments are very effective in helping students master HOTS questions. In addition, the development of metacognitive abilities and adjusting strategies to student characteristics are also important factors for successful learning. The numeracy approach that links mathematical concepts to real contexts can increase students' learning motivation and active involvement so that understanding of HOTS questions can increase significantly. This study recommends that teachers integrate the numeracy approach in the planning and implementation of mathematics learning in order to produce meaningful learning that is oriented towards the development of students' high-order thinking skills.

This research aims to examine the impact of social media on the mindset of children at the elementary school level. The method applied is a literature review by analyzing journals, articles, and books relevant to the topic. The findings indicate that social media significantly affects children’s way of thinking, both in positive and negative ways. Positively, it can improve communication abilities and social interaction. However, when used without proper supervision, it may reduce self-confidence, trigger aggressive behavior, and hinder direct social interaction. This study is expected to enrich understanding of the influence of social media on children’s mindsets and serve as a reference for parents, teachers, and educators in formulating effective strategies to minimize potential negative impacts.

Learning styles play an important role in influencing how students receive learning provided by teachers. This study aims to identify students' learning styles during the learning process at the elementary school level. Using a qualitative approach, this study describes and explains the variations in students' learning styles. The results of the study showed that students in grade IV of SDN 19 Nan Sabaris have various learning styles, where 21.43% of students discuss auditory learning styles, 64.29% visual learning styles, and 11.29% kinesthetic learning styles. From these results, it can be concluded that the most dominant learning style is the visual learning style, which shows that students find it easier to understand learning materials through what they see compared to what they hear. Therefore, it is important for teachers to understand students' learning styles in order to determine the right strategies and media in learning activities. In addition, parents are also expected to be able to create a conducive learning environment according to the needs of their children, so that the learning process becomes more effective.

Multiplication is a basic skill in mathematics that plays a vital role as a basis for understanding more complex concepts. However, many elementary school students still find it difficult to understand this concept because the learning approach is less varied and tends to be abstract. This study aims to review the effectiveness of the Realistic Mathematics Education (RME) approach in helping elementary school students understand the concept of multiplication better. The method used is a literature study by reviewing various previous studies on the application of RME in multiplication learning. The results of the study show that the application of RME with the help of concrete media such as number bags, puzzles, elimination boards, math boards, and magic boards is consistently able to improve students' understanding of concepts. In addition, this approach also encourages active participation, increases learning motivation, and develops students' analytical skills. The RME approach has been shown to be more capable of providing a more interesting and meaningful learning experience when compared to conventional learning methods. The implications of this study indicate that the RME approach can be a recommended method in elementary school mathematics learning to build a strong foundation in understanding mathematical concepts.

This research is motivated by the problem of the available LKPD still not being This research is motivated by the problem of the available LKPD still not being optimal in terms of development and use so that students are less interested in participating in learning. This is due to the lack of teacher motivation in creating innovative LKPD. Have never developed Student Worksheets (LKPD) based on Project Based Learning (PjBL) in learning, especially in science and science learning. Based on these problems, this research aims to develop PjB-based LKPD for science and science learning in class IV elementary schools that is valid, practical and effective. The type of research carried out is development research using the ADDIE development model. The test school was class IV students at SDN 12 Sintuk Toboh Gadang, while the research school was class IV students at SDN 11 Lubuk Alung. The research results obtained that the LKPD had a material validity level of 84.9%, language validity 88.8%, media validity 87.5% in the valid category. while the practicality test at the trial school obtained a percentage of 93.33%, for the teacher response questionnaire and 93.4% for the student response questionnaire in the very practical category. Furthermore, the practicality test at the research school obtained results of 90% for the teacher response questionnaire and 92.16% for the student response questionnaire in the very practical category. In the LKPD effectiveness test in the trial school the percentage was 89.64% and in the research school the percentage was 93% with both categories being very effective. It can be concluded that PjBL-based LKPD in grade IV elementary school science learning can be declared valid, practical and effective for use in the learning process.

This study was motivated by the need to understand the impact of changing the education curriculum on elementary school students. Curriculum changes often pose challenges in their implementation, especially in terms of literacy in elementary school students. In addition, there are factors that influence student literacy such as the change from the 2013 curriculum to the independent curriculum, lack of support and attention from parents to students, and support from student schools. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of changing the education curriculum on elementary school students. The research method used is qualitative descriptive with a literature study design. The literature review was conducted by examining information collected from primary and secondary data sources, including citing relevant references. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of the independent curriculum also raises concerns about students' basic skills, especially in terms of reading because many students in Indonesia have difficulty reading, which can have a negative impact on their learning achievement in the future. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to contribute to the understanding and implementation of the independent curriculum in children's literacy

This study aims to analyze the interference of local dialects in Indonesian language learning at the elementary school level. The research employs a qualitative method, utilizing data collection techniques such as participatory observation and in-depth interviews. The findings reveal that most students experience linguistic interference in various aspects. Several factors contribute to this interference, including the dominance of the Minangkabau dialect in daily life, the lack of emphasis on the differences between regional dialects and standard Indonesian in the learning process, and the limitations of teaching methods used by educators. Based on these findings, it is recommended that Indonesian language teachers implement more effective and contextual learning strategies. These strategies may include increasing students' awareness of the differences between regional dialects and standard Indonesian, employing interactive and engaging teaching methods, providing specialized training in pronunciation and sentence structure that aligns with Indonesian language rules, and conducting regular evaluations to adjust learning strategies according to students' needs. With a more adaptive and innovative approach, students are expected to acquire better proficiency in Indonesian and reduce the influence of local dialects in their learning process

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the scientific approach in improving Natural Sciences (IPA) learning outcomes among Elementary School students. The method used is a literature review with a descriptive qualitative approach by analyzing various scientific sources such as journal articles, books, and relevant research reports from the past five years. The findings indicate that the scientific approach has a positive impact on students' understanding of science concepts, critical thinking skills, as well as motivation and engagement in the learning process. This approach encourages students to actively participate in scientific processes through the stages of observing, questioning, experimenting, reasoning, and communicating. These stages help make learning more meaningful, contextual, and aligned with students’ cognitive development. However, its implementation still faces several challenges, such as limited facilities and infrastructure, constrained instructional time, and the lack of teacher training in applying this approach effectively. Therefore, support from various stakeholders—including schools, government, and the community—is needed to overcome these obstacles and enhance the quality of science education. Overall, the scientific approach is considered effective in creating interactive, reflective, and student-centered science learning at the Elementary School level.

This study aims to specifically examine aspects of the learning process in elementary schools, which have an important role in building the academic foundation and character of students. The teacher's teaching style, which includes the way of delivering material, interaction, and strategies for creating a learning environment, is one of the determining factors for successful learning. The literature review method was used to analyze national literature, with the results showing a significant influence of the teacher's teaching style on elementary school students' learning motivation. Interactive and adaptive teaching styles have proven effective in increasing learning interest.

Reading delays and low learning focus in grade 3 elementary school students are significant challenges in primary education. This study aims to analyze the factors that cause reading delay and decreased learning focus in grade 3 elementary school students, as well as explore effective learning strategies to overcome them. The method used is a literature study by reviewing various related scientific sources. The results of the analysis show that internal factors such as low reading interest and lack of motivation, as well as external factors such as lack of family support and a less conducive learning environment, contribute to reading delays and decreased study focus. Learning strategies involving phonic methods, multisensory approaches, and the use of educational technology have proven to be effective in improving students' reading and focus skills. The implications of these findings emphasize the importance of the role of teachers and parents in creating a supportive learning environment and implementing appropriate learning methods to address reading delays and improve students' focus on learning.