Fruit flies remain a persistent threat to horticultural production, especially in tropical regions where seasonal shifts can significantly affect their population dynamics. This study investigated the species composition, diversity, and environmental drivers of fruit fly populations infesting Capsicum annuum and Solanum lycopersicum over a one-year period in Batu City, Indonesia. Using weekly sampling across four seasonal phases—dry-to-rainy transition, rainy season, rainy-to-dry transition, and dry season—fruit fly specimens were collected, reared, and identified. Environmental variables, including temperature, humidity, rainfall, light intensity, and pesticide application frequency, were monitored and analyzed in relation to fruit fly abundance using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and multiple linear regression. A total of four species were recorded: Bactrocera carambolae, Bactrocera dorsalis, Atherigona sp, and Silba sp, with the latter representing a new regional record for East Java. Population peaks occurred during the rainy season and its transitional periods, while significant declines were observed during the dry months. Regression models revealed that temperature and humidity supported population growth, whereas pesticide use had a consistently suppressive effect—particularly for B. dorsalis and Atherigona sp. However, the models explained only 20–50% of the variation, suggesting that additional ecological factors may be at play. These findings deepen our understanding of fruit fly ecology in tropical systems and highlight the importance of integrating climatic and agronomic data in pest management strategies. The discovery of Silba sp. further enriches current biogeographical knowledge and signals the need for adaptive, interdisciplinary approaches to sustainable pest control.

Radar systems play a crucial role in target tracking within urban environments, where challenges such as clutter, multipath effects, and electromagnetic interference significantly impact detection accuracy. Traditional radar methods often struggle to adapt to dynamic urban conditions, leading to decreased reliability in real-time target tracking. This study aims to develop and evaluate an AI-driven adaptive radar system that enhances tracking accuracy in urban settings. The research employs a quantitative approach using simulations to model radar signal processing under various environmental conditions. The AI model, based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), is trained to optimize radar performance by filtering out noise and dynamically adjusting detection parameters. The results indicate that the AI-based radar system achieves a tracking accuracy of 95.2%, significantly outperforming traditional radar systems, which only reach 80% accuracy. Additionally, the AI-enhanced radar reduces response time to 120 milliseconds, compared to 250 milliseconds in conventional systems, demonstrating improved real-time processing capabilities. The system also exhibits greater resilience to high-clutter environments, maintaining stable target detection despite signal interference. These findings highlight the potential of AI in enhancing radar functionality for applications such as surveillance, traffic monitoring, and security. Future research should focus on integrating AI-driven radar with real-world radar hardware, exploring multi-sensor fusion, and refining adaptive learning techniques to further optimize tracking performance in complex environments

Periode Tabi’ut Tabi’in, sebagai generasi ketiga dalam sejarah Islam, memainkan peran krusial dalam pengembangan pemikiran dan dakwah Islam. Meskipun tidak bertemu langsung dengan Sahabat Nabi Muhammad SAW, mereka berhasil meneruskan dan memperkaya ajaran Islam melalui kontribusi signifikan dalam bidang fiqh, teologi, dan filsafat. Dalam konteks sosial-politik yang kompleks, terutama di bawah Dinasti Umayyah dan Abbasiyah, dakwah tidak hanya bersifat spiritual, tetapi juga mencakup pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan pendidikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi dinamika komunikasi dakwah selama periode ini dan relevansinya dalam konteks kontemporer, serta menegaskan fondasi pemikiran Islam yang dibangun oleh generasi Tabi’ut Tabi’in. Melalui pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini mengungkapkan pentingnya memahami warisan intelektual mereka sebagai pedoman bagi umat Islam di era modern.

Melihat perkembangan komunikasi dan teknologi yang semakin maju menjadi tantangan yang berat bagi dakwah, umumnya para da’i ini perlu memahami Hakikat dan filosofi inovasi dalam melakukan langkah-langkah dakwah. Secara kondisi ini di sisi lain menjadi suatu peluang juga bagi para da’i berdakwah dengan pendekatan kewirausahaan melalui lembaga dakwah atau semacamnya. Secara masa era Dirupsi ini lah pantasnya kita mengembangkan diri, secara Indonesia merupakan nega yang amat padat penduduk dan memilki keanekaragaan suku, ras, budaya dan bahasa. Kebutuhan kohesi sosial ini menjadi tanggung jawab untuk kita merefleksikan diri sebagai seorang da’i untuk menerapkan nilai-nilai yang rahmataan lil alamien. Penelitian ini menitik beratkan pada bagaimana Hakikat dan inovasi dalam kewirausahaan Lembaga atau individu dakwah di era Dirupsi. Terkait era dirupsi, pendekatan dakwah akan memerlukan perubahan dan penyusuaian, baik dari segi bentuk, media, isi (peran) maupun paradigma yang mendasarinya. Penulis menawarkan beberapa strategi yang menyimpulkan penguatan kekuluargaan, menumbuhkan kesamaan presepsi antar kelompok masyarakat dengan memperkuat nilai-nilai universal dan mengembangkan sistem informasi yang mampu menjangkau secara luas dan menumbuhkan komunikasi yang efektif dan humoris.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implementasi pembiayaan Kredit Pemilikan Rumah (KPR) dengan akad murabahah dan IMBT (Hybrid Contract) di PT Bluepixell, dengan pendekatan hukum Islam. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif, dengan data utama yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dengan pemilik PT Bluepixell. Fokus wawancara adalah pada penerapan kontrak hybrid dalam pembiayaan rumah syariah dan tantangan yang dihadapi dalam praktik KPR syariah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa produk KPR berbasis kontrak hybrid ini sesuai dengan prinsip syariah dan memudahkan nasabah dalam memiliki rumah secara bertahap tanpa melibatkan riba. Meskipun demikian, terdapat tantangan terkait pemahaman nasabah terhadap akad, kesulitan dalam memenuhi kewajiban pembayaran, dan masalah administratif yang menghambat proses pembiayaan. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, PT Bluepixell mengembangkan solusi berupa restrukturisasi pembayaran, peningkatan pemahaman nasabah melalui edukasi tentang akad, serta perbaikan mekanisme verifikasi dokumen. Solusi ini diharapkan dapat meningkatkan kelancaran proses pembiayaan, memastikan kesesuaian dengan prinsip syariah, serta memberikan manfaat optimal bagi nasabah dan lembaga keuangan.

As the globe faces difficulties in 2019, NFT grew popular in making, buying, selling, and trading more efficient while lowering the possibility of fraud. [1] This study aims to examine the claims made in academic literature regarding the sustainability of non-fungible tokens for the environment. Despite the growth of NFTs in 2019, the environmental impact of this technology has received little attention. Using a qualitative exploratory approach, this research analyzes relevant academic journals to understand the theoretical sustainability of NFTs and how that aligns, or fails to align, with the reality. The goal is to raise awareness about the environmental implications of NFTs and provide a critical assessment of the existing claims surrounding their sustainability.

This study aims to explore the application of Project-Based Learning (PjBL) learning model on procedure text material in English subject for grade XI students at SMA Negeri 1 Mojokerto City. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach, this study observed the implementation process of PjBL as well as students' responses to this method. Data were obtained through interviews and direct observation of students involved in the instructional video-making project. The results showed that the implementation of PjBL not only improved students' understanding of procedure text structure, but also developed additional skills, such as speaking, critical thinking, creativity, and teamwork. Despite challenges in coordination and division of tasks, PjBL succeeded in creating a dynamic and interactive learning environment. The findings confirm that PjBL is an effective strategy in improving the quality of English language learning in senior high schools.

The learning material website of Indonesian language contained materials of Indonesian language course. This website was very useful for students as additional learning material. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the components of website as Indonesian learning materials. This study was literature study with primary and secondary data sources. Result of study showed that website of Indonesian language contained the access of main menu, material menu, and media menu. It could be concluded that website of Indonesian language could be utilized as learning media for disabled students in compiling scientific works.

Background: Para-sport provides a new meaning of life for people with disabilities giving them the opportunity to compete nationally and globally, the achievements obtained will have a positive impact on the quality of life, social and economic. To achieve all of this requires biomechanical analysis such as ground reaction force to the specific needs of para-athletes. Objective: To determine the changes in ground reaction force (GRF) in para-athletes with various impairments. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, studies from 2015 to 2025 were analyzed in Scopus, PubMed, Springer, and Google Scholar. The eligible study examined para-athletes with a focus on the variable ground reaction force. Results: the 87 articles obtained 8 articles met the inclusion criteria. The participants was 97 (12.88 ± 6.97). Quality assessment (6.75 ± 0.7). This review identified significant differences in GRF between para-athletes and healthy athletes, especially in those with uTFA. Asymmetry in vertical and anterior-posterior GRFs is observed between affected and unaffected limbs in athletes with uTFA. Conclusions: This review emphasizes the importance of understanding GRF patterns in para-athletes to improve training methods, prosthetic design, and injury prevention strategies. These findings highlight the need for individualized programs that consider the unique biomechanical challenges of para-athletes.

The research is aimed at developing mathematical learning media with the help of the GeoGebra Application with basket ball context on square function material that tests its validity and practicality. This research uses the development research method with ADDIE design, but developed in this research is the GeoGebra Application to square function Materials with basket ball context. Participants in to see this validation by 2 experts and 8 high school students in Cianjur district. Research procedures include analysis, design, development, implementation and evaluation.  The instruments used are validation sheets and practicality. Based on the results of the research showed that the application of GeoGebra with basket ball context on the square function material of the validator results is good and validated and practical at the time students use it.