This study discusses how bingo games can increase students' self-confidence at the primary school level. Bingo was chosen due to its interactive and fun nature, which is expected to create a learning environment that supports the development of students' self-confidence. This study aims to evaluate the effect of using bingo games on students' courage to actively participate in class. The approach used is a literature study, by reviewing various sources such as journal articles, books, previous research, and other relevant documents published in the last five years. The analysis process was carried out through the stages of collecting literature sources, categorizing data, synthesizing information, and drawing conclusions. The results of the literature review show that the implementation of bingo games in learning has significant potential in increasing students' confidence, which is reflected in the increased courage to speak in front of the class, actively answer questions, and interact with peers. This study concludes that bingo games can be an effective alternative learning method to develop elementary school students' self-confidence.

This study aims to develop an interactive puppet learning media to enhance the interest and understanding of fourth-grade students in the Javanese language. The method used is Research and Development (R&D), which includes needs analysis, design, development, and media trials. Observational results show that students struggle with understanding Javanese vocabulary and etiquette, which affects their comprehension. The interactive puppet media is expected to serve as a solution to capture students' attention and enrich their learning experience. This media presents content visually and engagingly, facilitating the understanding of difficult concepts, and offering a more interactive learning experience. Validation from content, language, and media experts indicates that this media is suitable for use in Javanese language learning. This study is expected to improve the quality of Javanese language education in elementary schools, particularly in fourth-grade classes, and encourage students to further explore Javanese culture.

This study aims to examine the regulatory conflict regarding the granting of Mining Business Permits (IUP) to religious organizations and to assess whether, from a business law perspective, religious organizations are eligible to manage mining operations. This research employs a normative legal research method based on statutory regulations, specifically Law Number 3 of 2020 and Government Regulation (PP) Number 25 of 2024. The study also adopts a literature review approach, where the researcher examines literature discussing mining permits through research findings, reports, scientific studies, and other regulations related to the cases analyzed in this study, utilizing the business law perspective applicable in Indonesia. The study concludes that granting Mining Business Permits (IUP) to religious organizations is still not compliant with regulatory provisions. Furthermore, the eligibility of religious organizations to manage mining operations needs to be thoroughly assessed, particularly in terms of administrative compliance, financial capability, waste or environmental management, and technical requirements as stipulated in Law Number 3 of 2020 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konflik regulasi pemberian Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) bagi Ormas keagamaan dan mengkaji apakah Ormas keagamaan dalam perspektif hukum bisnis layak untuk mengelola usaha pertembangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum normatif yang didasarkan pada peraturan perundang-undangan Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 dan Peraturan Pemerintah (PP) Nomor 25 Tahun 2024. Penelitian yang dilakukan juga menggunakan pendekatan studi literatur di mana peneliti mengkaji literatur yang membahas tentang izin pertambangan melalu hasil penelitian, laporan, kajian ilmiah dan peraturan lain yang berkaitan dengan kasus yang dikaji di dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan perspektif hukum bisnis yang berlaku di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Izin Usaha Pertambangan (IUP) untuk Ormas keagamaan secara regulasi masih tidak sesuai dan kelayakan Ormas keagamaan dalam mengelola pertambangan masih perlu diuji baik secara administratif, kemampuan finansial, pengolahan limbah atau lingkungan, dan syarat-syarat teknis yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 3 Tahun 2020 tentang Pertambangan Mineral dan Batubara.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau literatur terkait penggunaan media pembelajaran berbasis e-book interaktif dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) di Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP). Dengan memanfaatkan elemen multimedia, seperti animasi, video, dan kuis interaktif, e-book interaktif menawarkan pendekatan yang inovatif dalam membantu siswa memahami konsep ilmiah yang kompleks. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dengan mengkaji berbagai artikel dan penelitian yang relevan. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa e-book interaktif dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar, pemahaman konsep, dan keterlibatan siswa. Namun, implementasi e-book interaktif masih menghadapi tantangan, seperti keterbatasan infrastruktur teknologi, kurangnya keterampilan teknis guru, dan hambatan aksesibilitas. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan perencanaan yang matang dan pelatihan guru untuk memastikan efektivitas penggunaan e-book interaktif dalam pembelajaran IPA.

The IoT (Internet of Things) and Digital Transformation - Skill For All (SFA) training for vocational school teachers in Kulon Progo is an information technology training program. The SFA training addresses the skills gap by offering knowledge and skills necessary to work with IoT devices using IoT Kits from the Network Technology and Application lab, which is evolving in the digital transformation era. This training provides a solid foundation for managing IoT devices, which are highly relevant to today's industry needs. Configuring, managing, and programming IoT devices is essential in the digital age. By participating in this training, vocational school teachers in Kulon Progo can acquire practical skills directly applicable to their curriculum, helping students understand IoT concepts more deeply and practically. The IoT (Internet of Things) and Digital Transformation - Skill For All (SFA) training is designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of networking basics and how to configure and manage IoT Kits devices

In Indonesia, the Village Head Election is the implementation of people’s sovereignty to choose village heads in a direct, public, free, confidential, honest, and just manner as stated in Regulation of the Minister of Internal Affairs No. 27 of 2020. This paper aims to analyze deviant behavior in the Village Head Elections that may bring harm to other people that involve the role of supernatural beings committed by Village Head Election participants. The importance of learning magic for the Village Head Election includes: (1) to influence the opinion of society who have suffrage rights; (2) to manipulate the obtainment of votes; (3) to make other Village Head Election participants die and/or sick; and (4) to influence the opinion of Village Head Election organizers. This paper employed the juridical empirical research method in the field of the legal anthropology scientific discipline. It used the behavioral approach. This paper aims to understand how mystical practices may influence election results that should ideally be carried out in a just and honest manner as well as to increase awareness of the risk of unethical behavior in the election process. Results showed that mystical things are always closely related to the culture of the Indonesian nation from era to era, including in its political culture. It can be seen that in every leadership of national figures, mystical activities are practiced. Contestants will visit shamans by sending voodoo to their political opponents so that they can win the political contestation. Apart from that, there are those who carry out rituals that are believed to be effective as a way to win the contestation in the political realm. The novelty of this research is that authors not only analyze the magical aspect of the Village Head Elections but also how magic is believed and implemented at the national level. The implication of this case is that it is rather difficult to prove magical cases. Thus, it leads to the occurrence of widespread suspicion among all parties.

The global food crisis has become one of the most pressing issues requiring serious attention, especially as the world's population continues to grow. This growth has led to an increasing demand for food, while agricultural resources such as fertile land, water, and labor become increasingly limited. These conditions present significant challenges for farmers, including droughts that damage crops, floods that devastate agricultural lands, and pest attacks that significantly reduce yields. Furthermore, global climate change exacerbates the situation, directly impacting the stability of food production. Unpredictable weather patterns threaten harvest success, increase the risk of crop failure, and decrease agricultural productivity. Therefore, innovative solutions, such as utilizing Internet of Things (IoT)-based technologies, are urgently needed to support the sustainability of the agricultural sector by enhancing efficiency, effectiveness, and global food security. This study aims to contribute to addressing these challenges through a modern technological approach

This study seeks to examine the role of responsibility accounting in cost control, with a focus on cost centers. Responsibility accounting helps organizations control costs by assigning cost responsibility to each cost center manager. Through this system, costs incurred can be monitored, controlled and reported accurately. This study uses a literature review method from various empirical studies that examine The implementation of responsibility accounting in the responsibility accounting process is underway public and private sectors. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of responsibility accounting is effective in cost centers is able to increase operational efficiency and minimize budget deviations. However, challenges in separating controlled and uncontrolled costs as well as limited organizational structures in some companies are still obstacles to the effectiveness of cost control. This study highlights the importance of cost segregation and active management participation in budgeting to improve cost center performance.

Developing students' entrepreneurial creativity is essential to taking advantage of opportunities in new economic areas. The integration of biopreneurship in project-based learning offers an exciting solution. The impact of that learning model is measured by comparing pre- and post-intervention capabilities between groups that received and did not receive treatment. This study aims to determine the impact of biopreneurship project-based science learning on students' entrepreneurial creativity in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone. This research is quasi-experimental type, with a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design. The population of this study was junior high school students in the Mandalika Special Economic Zone. One hundred ninth-grade students from two schools were selected as research samples using a purposive technique. Students from each school were grouped into experimental and control classes. The experimental class applied biopreneurship project-based learning, while the control class implemented conventional science learning using lecture and discussion methods. Data was collected using entrepreneurial creativity tests, interviews, and questionnaires. Data analysis consisted of prerequisite tests (normality and homogeneity tests) and research hypothesis tests (t-test and Mann-Whitney test). Experimental class students had a significantly higher average entrepreneurial creativity than the control class students. This study concludes that biopreneurship project-based science learning significantly impacts students' entrepreneurial creativity.

This study aims to determine the effect of accommodation, transportation and food service prices on interest in travel in Tulungagung. This research is a quantitative study using primary data for 2015-2022 obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS). The method used uses quantitative methods with data collection using questionnaires. Based on research that has been conducted on the effect of accommodation, transportation, and the price of food services on interest in travel (case study of Sharia Tourism Study Program Students UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung Class of 2020-2022). Accommodation, Transportation, and Food Service Prices have a positive effect on interest in travel. The higher the level of accommodation, transportation and the price of good food services, the higher the student's interest in trying to travel. Accommodation has a positive effect on interest in travel. The higher the level of accommodation regarding travel interest, the higher the interest in travel will be. Transportation has a positive effect on interest in travel. The higher the level of transportation regarding travel, the higher the interest in travel will be. price of food services has no effect on interest in traveling. The small value of the price of food services does not necessarily attract tourists to travel.