This essay focuses on sustainable development in archipelagic nations like Indonesia and how the Green and Blue economies may work together. This study identifies and analyzes a range of ideas, policies, and practices that bring the two economies together using a qualitative methodology and a literature review technique. A Green Economy is one that prioritizes social inclusion, resource efficiency, and low-carbon development. In the meantime, there's the Blue Economy, which promotes coastal environment preservation and economic growth via responsible resource management. According to this article's literature review, today's social and environmental problems may have their answers in the merging of these two economies. Sustainable development goals (SDGs) may be achieved, human well-being can be enhanced, and Indonesia's natural resource potential can be fully used by integrating sustainability concepts from both economies. This study's findings highlight the critical need of coordinating Green Economy and Blue Economy initiatives in order to foster mutually beneficial synergies that promote ecologically conscious and socially equitable sustainable growth.

The present study aims to design a mobile application dictionary that caters to students' needs for enhancing IT-focused English vocabulary. The study explores the effectiveness of the designed mobile application in improving students' IT-focused English vocabulary, their engagement in vocabulary learning, and their overall satisfaction with the application. This research aims to design a mobile application dictionary to enhance IT-Focused English Vocabulary. The study employs a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative interviews and a quantitative survey, to understand the design requirements, implementation strategies, and effectiveness of the mobile application dictionary. The qualitative phase involves semi-structured interviews with IT students and subject matter experts to gain insights into the learners' challenges, preferences, and needs, as well as the crucial IT English vocabulary concepts. The quantitative phase evaluates the impact of the mobile application dictionary on IT students' vocabulary knowledge, confidence, and overall satisfaction through a survey. The integrated findings will provide a comprehensive understanding of the factors that contribute to the success of mobile application dictionaries in enhancing IT students' informatics English vocabulary, with practical implications for the development of similar language learning tools.

In educational research, identifying variables and determining data sources are essential components in designing a systematic and accurate study. Research variables refer to the elements that are observed and measured within a study. These variables can include student achievement, motivation, teaching strategies, or learning environment conditions. Generally, variables are categorized as independent, dependent, control, or moderator variables. The independent variable is the influencing factor, while the dependent variable is the outcome. Control variables are held constant to avoid interference, and moderator variables affect the strength or direction of the relationship. The process of identifying variables begins with formulating the research problem and objectives. By reviewing theoretical frameworks and previous studies, researchers can focus their investigation on measurable aspects. For instance, in a study about the effectiveness of online learning on student performance, the independent variable is online learning, while the dependent variable is student achievement. Beyond identifying variables, researchers must also determine the appropriate types of data sources. Data sources are generally divided into two categories: primary and secondary. Primary data are collected directly from research subjects, such as through interviews, observations, or questionnaires. Secondary data, on the other hand, are obtained from existing sources like documents, books, journals, or official reports. The choice of data source must align with the research approach—quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods. In quantitative research, primary data such as test scores or survey responses are used to measure variables numerically. In qualitative research, in-depth interviews and observations are commonly used to explore meanings and context. Using both types of data in combination can enhance data validity through triangulation. Ultimately, researchers must ensure the validity and reliability of their data, while also maintaining ethical standards in data collection and reporting. By understanding how to identify variables and select appropriate data sources, educational research can yield credible findings that contribute meaningfully to educational theory and practice.

Kampung 4 Village has great potential in developing home-based culinary businesses as a strategy to increase family economic independence. One promising business opportunity is Tuna Balado Rice Bowl, a practical food product that combines tuna as the main ingredient with the distinctive flavor of balado. This product has broad market prospects because it is easy to produce, has high nutritional value, and is in line with the trend of fast food that is in demand by various groups. In addition, this business can be run with relatively affordable capital and has broad marketing potential through digital strategies such as social media and delivery services. Seeing these opportunities, the Tuna Balado Rice Bowl business can be an alternative home-based business that is competitive, able to increase family income, and contribute to strengthening the local economy in a sustainable manner.

Mekarbuana Village located in Tegalwaru, Karawang district, West Java, is about 45 kilometers from the center of Karawang, and has potential for agro-tourism and natural tourism, because according to the village head, Jaji Maryono, the village is a provider of coffee, durian, mango, avocado, and bananas. The tourism  that are available are Curug Cigentis, Curug Bandung, and tours along the flow of the river. This tourist destination is a favourite destination of both locals and citizens around Karawang to spend the weekend with the family. Due to the tourist potential in his village, the village chief acknowledged that he wanted to bring Mekarbuana Village  into a tourist village, but still needed support and enhanced human resource capacity (HRM) to manage the village. The problem is that the tourism organization in the village are not functioning, so the wheel of tourism in that village is still not balanced. This activity uses methods of accompaniment, socialization, and education carried out in integration with KKN students to the community and tourists in Mekarbuana Village. The result of this community service activity is the reactivation of the pokdarwis management, the existence of the organization structure, the presence of the work plan, a varied tour package, as well as the Mekarbuana Village  already registered in the JADESTA. As to the conclusion of the activities, they feel very grateful and hoped that the organization will be able to maximize its management, and continue to run consistently and professionally in managing tourism in the village.

Indonesia is a constitutional democracy. The authority of the Constitutional Court in examining and deciding cases of disputes over the results of regional head elections has become an old song worked on by the Constitutional Court itself and the Constitutional Court has often withdrawn and canceled its authority in terms of disputes over the results of regional head elections and caused legal uncertainty related to regional head election issues. Then the Constitutional Court ruled that the articles petitioned by the Respondents were contrary to the 1945 Constitution and had no binding legal force. The Constitutional Court is authorized to hear disputes over the results of regional head elections as long as there is no law regulating this matter. Article 1 of Law No. 22/2017 on Regional Head Elections is included in the Election regime, which is carried out directly, publicly, freely, confidentially, honestly and fairly. It is rumored that the 2024 elections will be the cornerstone of the history of simultaneous national elections. This study aims to determine the role of the constitutional court in resolving direct election disputes and to determine the responsibility of special judicial bodies in direct election disputes.

Gratitude is an important aspect and a strong foundation for creating a healthy life, both physically and mentally. Moreover, in going through the transition phase, new students certainly need aspects that can keep them physically and psychologically prosperous. This research aims to see the influence of gratitude on the psychological well-being of students who are still in their first year of study. This research method is a correlational quantitative method, with the number of subjects being 101 first year Psychology students at Padang State University. There are two measuring instruments used, namely the gratitude measuring instrument and the psychological well-being (SPWB) measuring instrument. Based on the data analysis carried out, it was found that the F value of the data was 97.787 with a significance level of 0.000 < 0.05, so that the regression model can be used to predict psychological well-being variables or in other words there is an influence of gratitude on psychological well-being. Furthermore, it is known that the R square is 0.497, meaning that 49.7% of gratitude can influence psychological well-being and 50.3% is influenced by other factors. So it can be concluded that gratitude influences the psychological well-being of first year Psychology students at Padang State University.

The development of social media is currently very rapid and diverse, such as Whatsapp, YouTube. The existence of social media, especially among young people, has given rise to a diversity of uses and images of the identities of its users. Based on the background above, the following problem formulation arises, How do teenagers behave in interpreting the social media Instagram within themselves. And how is the use of Instagram social media in forming self-identity related to social interaction in society. In this discussion the theory used is symbolic interaction theory, where this theory focuses its attention on the ways humans use to shape the meaning and structure of society through conversation. Quoted from George Herbert Mead Symbolic interaction is a theory about how to think about the mind and self. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive case study method. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation and literature study. Research subjects were selected (purposively) based on the characteristics of being active users, having more than one account, aged 16-18 years, and consisting of men and women. The research results show that there is diversity in the use of social media, this can be seen from the initial use, patterns of use and the technology used. Then there are various meanings regarding the existence of social media for users, including those related to themselves, family, studies, hobbies, community and work. After that, there are various meanings regarding the self-identity of social media users, and identity construction on social media is carried out through the process of interaction in using social media.

Background: Transformative learning is a learning process that 'brings' learners closer to reality, presenting critical-reflective knowledge, by positioning the teacher more as a facilitator to guide and encourage that process. Online learning has become a choice for face-to-face learning systems in the Digital Era using Learning Management Systems (LMS) to support learning achievements.
Research Objectives: The ultimate goal to be achieved in this research is the emergence of a new product on the transformative learning model assisted by the LMS "Setara Daring" for learners of Equivalency Education in the city of Bandung, Indonesia
Research Method: This research employs a qualitative approach utilizing the case study method to explore the implementation of transformative learning through the Setara Daring LMS in equivalency education. The qualitative approach is chosen to gain an in-depth understanding of the learning process, interactions, and experiences of learners and educators in a digital learning environment. The case study method enables a comprehensive and context-specific analysis by examining real-world applications of the LMS in non-formal education units in Bandung City. Data collection techniques include observations, in-depth interviews, and document analysis, ensuring a holistic examination of the learning dynamics. Through this approach, the study aims to capture the nuances of learner engagement, critical thinking development, and the role of facilitators in guiding transformative learning. The qualitative nature of this research allows for an exploratory and interpretive analysis, providing valuable insights into how LMS-supported transformative learning can enhance the critical attitudes and adaptability of learners in non-formal education settings.
 
Research Findings: The findings of this study highlight the crucial role of the Setara Daring Learning Management System (LMS) in fostering a transformative learning experience within the context of equivalency education. The system effectively promotes active learner engagement through structured yet flexible learning pathways, enabling meaningful interactions between students, instructors, and learning materials. Interactive features such as discussion forums, collaborative assignments, and formative assessments further reinforce knowledge construction and participation. Additionally, the LMS facilitates critical reflection by integrating activities that encourage students to analyze, evaluate, and synthesize information critically, supported by immediate feedback and self-paced learning opportunities. Through guided discussions and problem-solving tasks, learners are empowered to question assumptions, articulate reasoning, and engage in higher-order thinking processes. Moreover, the Setara Daring LMS enhances critical thinking skills by incorporating inquiry-based learning strategies, case studies, and self-assessment tools, fostering an environment that supports independent exploration, analytical reasoning, and decision-making abilities. Overall, this study provides empirical evidence that Setara Daring LMS serves as an effective platform for cultivating interactive, reflective, and cognitively engaging learning experiences, contributing to the advancement of digital learning innovations in non-formal education..
Research Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the Setara Daring LMS effectively supports active learner engagement, critical reflection, and critical thinking skills in equivalency education. The developed transformative learning model, facilitated by this LMS, offers an interactive and flexible approach, helping learners adapt to online learning in the digital era. Educators play a vital role as facilitators, guiding learners' critical thinking processes. The Setara Daring LMS has proven to be an effective tool for improving learning quality in non-formal education in Bandung City. This research contributes to a transformative learning model based on LMS, providing a foundation for further development and application of LMS to enhance learning quality in non-formal education.
Research Novelty: The novelty of this study lies in its development of a transformative learning model using the Setara Daring LMS for equivalency education, a sector often overlooked in digital learning innovations. It highlights the LMS's effectiveness in fostering active engagement, critical reflection, and critical thinking skills, while emphasizing the crucial role of educators as facilitators in guiding learners. The research provides empirical evidence from its implementation in Bandung City's non-formal education system, offering a foundational framework for future LMS-based learning models in non-formal education. This study bridges the gap between digital tools and transformative learning in under-researched educational contexts.
 

This community service activity aims to increase the awareness of the community around the IAIN Ambon campus regarding the importance of plastic waste management and maintaining environmental cleanliness. Through the Participatory Action Research (PAR) method, students of the Islamic Criminal Law Study Program at the Faculty of Sharia IAIN Ambon acted as facilitators in the socialization and implementation of plastic waste recycling activities. This activity included education on the negative impacts of plastic waste, waste sorting practices, recycled product creation, and waste cleanup actions. The results showed positive changes in community behavior towards the environment and improved students' skills in applying the amar ma'ruf nahi munkar principle. This activity not only had a tangible social impact but also strengthened the application of Islamic values in the context of environmental preservation.