In the modern era marked by technological advances, the use of smartphones has become an important part of everyday life. This technological advancement encourages people to continue to update the way they carry out their daily activities. Smartphones make various activities easier, including long-distance communication which now feels closer thanks to sophisticated technology. This sophistication is enjoyed by various groups regardless of age or profession. The digital payment system has experienced rapid development, providing significant convenience for its users. This technology plays a strategic role in encouraging the revitalization of MSMEs by offering fast, safe, and efficient transaction solutions. In the context of developing MSME digitalization, the digital payment system not only makes it easier for business actors to manage transactions but also increases consumer convenience in shopping. With proper implementation, digital payments support the operational efficiency of MSMEs, expand market access, and accelerate the adoption of the digital ecosystem. Based on research results, the use of digital payment systems has been proven to contribute positively to the transformation of MSMEs, helping them become more competitive and able to adapt amidst changes in the increasingly digital economic landscape. This emphasizes the importance of adopting digital payment technology as an integral part of the MSME revitalization strategy. This study aims to analyze the positive impact of the use of technology, especially in online marketing, digital payment systems on the revitalization of MSMEs.

PEST (Political, Economic, Social, and Technological Analysis), which examines aspects of Indonesia's macro environment (economic, technological, political, legal, and socio-cultural), is a component of external environmental analysis. The second external environment study is a competitive pressure model that outlines five circumstances: the bargaining power of suppliers, competition from current competitors, threats from new competitors, and threats from substitute goods or services. Context diagrams are used in internal environment analysis to illustrate how systems communicate with external parties involved in an organization's business. The relationship between the internal system and the external entity of the PT can be explained by a context diagram.
This diagram visually illustrates the interaction between the system and four main external groups: printers, authors, representatives, and buyers. The buyer group is divided into two major segments, namely the general public and students from kindergarten to high school levels, which reflects the demographic diversity reached by PT in its operational activities.

This study compares four classification models—Logistic Regression, Random Forest (RF), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), and Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost)—to predict women's labor force participation in West Java, using a dataset of 62 features. After feature selection, the dataset was reduced to 31 features, followed by modeling with the top 10 most important features from each model. Model performance, evaluated using Balanced Accuracy, F1-Score, and Cohen’s Kappa, showed similar results, with RF and XGBoost slightly outperforming the others. However, the differences were not significant, indicating comparable predictive ability across models. The top 10 features from each model were averaged, and the five most influential features were selected. Key factors influencing women's employment status include household responsibilities, age, education, district minimum wage, and the age of the youngest child. The analysis found that 79.6% of unemployed women manage household duties, while employed women are less involved (18.9%). Age was significant, with employed women mostly in the 35-55 age range, correlating with older children and greater workforce participation. Additionally, employed women are more likely to come from regions with lower minimum wages, suggesting that economic necessity drives their labor market participation.
Keywords: female labor force, machine learning, classification, West Java

Used oil is a commodity that can be sought to increase its economic value, one of which is used as an absorber of essential oil from ginger. Ginger has essential oils as anti-inflammatory, but the oil obtained is relatively small and volatile so that it reduces the healing effect. Used oil has the potential to be a massage oil and ginger oil adsorbent to be used to treat inflammation. On the other hand, leaf waste can be converted into activated charcoal which is used as an adsorbent for the treatment process of used oil. The aims of this study was to determine the physicochemical properties of used oil obtained from the extraction process of ginger rhizomes with adsorbed used oil. The method used was the treatment of used cooking oil by adsorbing it using activated charcoal from activated leaf waste. Used cooking oil was then used for solvent extraction of ginger oil content to conduct organoleptic tests, physicochemical properties, inflammatory tests and GC-MS analysis to see the content of the resulting used oil. The results showed that the ratio of ginger to adsorbed used cooking oil with the highest anti-inflammatory effect was at a ratio of 1:1 with good organoleptic results, gingerol content of 11.6%, camphene 3.75% and eucalyptol 6.79 resulting in an antiinflammatory effect close to pure ginger oil of 59.18% with a contact time of 4.55 hours and reaction order 1.

Psychology is a scientific discipline that aims to understand human behavior. The differences in human behavior in response to the presence of stimulus have proven that every human being is unique and not the same, and their needs are different. No human being is the same psychologically even though their physical condition looks the same to the naked eye. This affects human abilities as well when faced with the source of the problem at hand. Every human being must constantly develop their competence, so as not to experience a mental crisis that can eventually lead to pathological disorders. Understanding human uniqueness especially in cognitive, affective, and psychomotor abilities will help in the smoothness of the counseling process. At SMAN 5 Tasikmalaya, the counseling process is not based on psychological theory alone, but depends on the student. How to approach students who have problems at this high school with one of the ways in each class there is 1 hour of counseling lessons a week, so that students do not have fear, but students become more courageous to consult the BK teacher.

The socio-cultural approach is a crucial aspect of creating inclusive and relevant guidance and counseling services, particularly at SMAN 7 Tasikmalaya, which has a diverse student background. This study aims to understand how socio-cultural values are integrated into the counseling process to help students address various issues, such as adaptation difficulties, social gaps, and interpersonal conflicts. Using a qualitative research method with a case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations of counseling activities, and document analysis. The results indicate that implementing strategies such as classical guidance, home visits, and community-based approaches effectively strengthens the relationship between counselors and students and enhances students' skills in dealing with differences. Additionally, the integration of local culture into counseling programs positively impacts fostering mutual understanding among students. The implications of this study highlight the need for counselor training to better comprehend students' socio-cultural contexts, enabling counseling services to be designed according to their needs and conditions. This research contributes significantly to developing guidance models that respect socio-cultural diversity in educational settings.

This article presents a systematic review of pragmatic competence in second language acquisition (SLA), emphasizing its critical role in effective communication and intercultural understanding. Pragmatic competence encompasses the ability to understand and use language appropriately in diverse social and cultural contexts, including mastering speech acts, politeness strategies, conversational implicatures, and intercultural pragmatics. Despite its importance, pragmatic competence often receives less attention in language instruction compared to grammar and vocabulary. The review highlights the effectiveness of explicit and implicit teaching methods, authentic interaction, and cultural immersion in developing pragmatic skills. It also underscores the role of technology, such as digital platforms and simulations, in enhancing learners’ ability to navigate real-life communication scenarios.
The findings reveal significant challenges, including cultural variability in pragmatic norms, difficulties in standardizing assessments, and the influence of learners’ individual differences. The study calls for innovative teaching and evaluation methods, focusing on personalized approaches and the integration of pragmatic learning with emotional intelligence. By synthesizing current research and practices, this article provides valuable insights for educators, curriculum developers, and researchers, advocating for adaptive, culturally informed, and technology-supported strategies to enhance pragmatic competence in SLA.

Mathematics is one of the main skills taught from elementary school to college, playing a role in developing critical and logical thinking patterns of students. However, many elementary school students have difficulty understanding mathematical concepts, especially spatial figures, due to the lack of supporting learning media. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of using Trimatra (three-dimensional) media in mathematics learning in elementary schools. Trimatra media, such as three-dimensional models of spatial figures, allows students to visualize and understand the characteristics and relationships between spatial figures in a concrete manner. The results of the literature study show that Trimatra media not only increases students' knowledge of mathematical concepts, but also motivates students to be actively involved in learning, increases critical thinking skills, and overall learning outcomes.
 

The elderly are an age group that experiences the aging process with various physical, mental and social changes that affect their quality of life. As the number of elderly people increases in various countries, it is important to have a clear understanding of the scope of the needs and conditions of the elderly from a social, health and economic perspective. The aim of this research is to determine the scope of the needs and conditions of the elderly. This research method uses a qualitative approach and involves literature study, data collection techniques using interview methods and literature research. This research discusses the health needs and conditions of the elderly, with a focus on medical aspects of care, including ongoing care and management of chronic conditions (such as diabetes, cholesterol and high blood pressure). Elderly people also experience several challenges, such as accessing health care facilities which is often difficult due to distance, physical limitations, or dependence on family for care. Therefore, researchers hope to provide a deeper understanding of the challenges and needs of the elderly, as well as families spending more time providing care.
 

The Al-Qur'an Tahfidz program at SDIT Al-Iman aims to equip students with Al-Qur'an reading and memorization skills. This study employs the Countenance Stake evaluation model to assess program effectiveness. Results indicate the program successfully achieved its objectives through structured planning, systematic monitoring, and tailored improvement measures. The program positively impacts students' confidence and Al-Qur'an reading abilities. Recommendations for enhancement include increased parental involvement, digital monitoring systems, technology-based learning methods, and teacher training.