This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of project-based collaborative learning in improving the English speaking skills of high school students. Using a quasi-experimental design, this study involved 64 eleventh-grade students divided into an experimental group (n=32) using project-based collaborative learning methods and a control group (n=32) using conventional methods. Data were collected through pre-test and post-test speaking assessments, classroom observations, and interviews with students and teachers. The results showed that the experimental group experienced a significant improvement in English speaking skills compared to the control group (p<0.05) with a large effect size (d=0.87). Qualitative analysis revealed that project-based collaborative learning increased students' motivation, confidence, and critical thinking abilities. These findings indicate that the project-based collaborative learning approach can be an effective strategy for developing English speaking skills in the EFL (English as a Foreign Language) context.

This research explores the role of social media in shaping collective identity among users in contemporary society. By employing a qualitative methodology that includes in-depth interviews and content analysis, the study investigates how individuals create and share content that reinforces their group affiliations and fosters a sense of belonging. The findings reveal that social media platforms serve as vital spaces for community building, where users share personal narratives and visual content, and engage in discussions that highlight shared values and experiences.  Key themes identified include the impact of different content types on identity formation, the influence of community leaders and influencers, and the significance of intersectionality in shaping collective identities. While positive interactions on social media can strengthen group cohesion, negative experiences and the prevalence of echo chambers can lead to fragmentation and exclusion. This research underscores the dual nature of social media as both a tool for connection and a potential source of division. Ultimately, the study contributes valuable insights into the complexities of identity formation in the digital age and emphasizes the need for inclusive and supportive online environments. As social media continues to evolve, understanding these dynamics is essential for fostering social cohesion and empowering communities in an increasingly interconnected world.

This study employs a quantitative methodology to evaluate the impact of financial report quality on performance accountability within the Regional Financial Management Agency of Mamasa Regency. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire distributed to all agency employees, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of their perspectives. The analysis utilized hypothesis testing and basic linear regression to derive meaningful conclusions from the data collected. The sample for this investigation comprised all 52 employees from the Regional Financial Management Agency, allowing for an inclusive representation of the population. The results of the hypothesis test yielded a significance value (Sig.) of 0.001, which is less than the threshold of 0.05. This statistical finding leads to the conclusion that the quality of financial reports (variable X) significantly influences performance accountability (variable Y) in the agency. These findings underscore the importance of maintaining high standards in financial reporting, as it directly correlates with enhanced accountability in performance. The study highlights the need for continuous improvement in financial report quality to foster greater transparency and responsibility within public financial management practices.

This study investigates the pragmatic strategies employed in digital communication, specifically within social media platforms. As the use of social media continues to rise, understanding how users navigate language and meaning in these contexts becomes increasingly vital. Utilizing a qualitative approach, the research analyzes user interactions on platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, and Facebook to identify key pragmatic strategies, including politeness, implicature, and contextual cues. The findings reveal that social media users employ diverse strategies to convey messages effectively in an environment characterized by brevity and immediacy. Additionally, the research highlights significant cultural influences on language use, showcasing variations in communication styles, humour, and politeness norms across different cultural backgrounds. These insights underscore the importance of cultural awareness in fostering effective cross-cultural communication. Ultimately, this research contributes to the field of pragmatics by enhancing our understanding of the interplay between language, culture, and digital communication. The study also offers practical recommendations for social media users to improve their communication effectiveness, facilitating more respectful and meaningful interactions in the digital space. As digital communication evolves, further exploration of emerging trends and challenges in this area is essential for adapting to the dynamic landscape of human interaction.

This study aims to critically analyze how accounting policies implemented in insurance companies contribute to effective risk management and overall financial stability. As the business environment becomes increasingly complex and competitive, insurance firms must adopt robust accounting policies that not only facilitate accurate financial reporting but also enhance their ability to identify, assess, and manage various risks. By employing a mixed-methods approach that integrates both qualitative and quantitative data, this research will explore the intricate relationships between accounting policies, risk management strategies, and their subsequent impact on the financial performance of insurance companies. The study will first provide a theoretical framework that outlines the significance of sound accounting practices in the context of risk management. It will then delve into empirical analysis through case studies of selected insurance companies, assessing how their accounting policies influence risk assessment and mitigation processes. Data will be collected via surveys and interviews with key stakeholders, including financial managers, risk officers, and auditors, to gather insights on the effectiveness of these policies in practice. Furthermore, this research will evaluate the correlation between specific accounting practices and key performance indicators, such as profitability, solvency, and liquidity ratios. By identifying best practices and potential areas for improvement, the study aims to offer practical recommendations that can enhance the alignment between accounting policies and risk management efforts. Ultimately, this research seeks to contribute to the existing literature on accounting and risk management in the insurance sector, providing valuable insights that can inform policy formulation and strategic decision-making within the industry. Through this comprehensive evaluation, the study aspires to foster a deeper understanding of how effective accounting policies can serve as a foundation for robust risk management frameworks, thereby promoting long-term financial stability in insurance companies.

Bureaucratic reform is the government's effort to improve the quality of public services in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the impact of the implementation of the bureaucratic reform program on the quality of public services, evaluate obstacles and challenges in its implementation, and provide recommendations to strengthen the effectiveness of bureaucratic reform. The research method used is a qualitative approach with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation studies. The results of the study show that the implementation of bureaucratic reform has had a positive impact on increasing the efficiency, effectiveness, and responsiveness of public services. There is an increase in public satisfaction with the quality of services provided. However, there are still several obstacles and challenges, such as resistance to change among bureaucrats, limited budgets and resources, and suboptimal coordination between government agencies. To strengthen the effectiveness of bureaucratic reform, it is necessary to strengthen leadership and leadership commitment, develop the capacity of bureaucratic human resources, increase transparency and accountability, and synchronize bureaucratic reform policies and programs. This research provides theoretical and practical implications for efforts to improve the quality of public services through bureaucratic reform in Indonesia.

This research analyzes teachers' perceptions and practices regarding technology integration in English language teaching within the Indonesian educational context. Using a mixed methods approach, this study involved 120 English teachers from various educational levels (primary, junior high, senior high, and higher education) through an online survey, with 15 teachers selected for in-depth interviews and classroom observations. The findings reveal a gap between teachers' positive perceptions of technology (M=4.21 on a 5-point scale) and actual implementation in teaching practices (M=3.15). Statistical analysis identified four main factors influencing technology integration: teachers' digital competence (?=0.43, p<0.01), institutional support (?=0.38, p<0.01), teachers' pedagogical beliefs (?=0.35, p<0.01), and infrastructure accessibility (?=0.32, p<0.01). Qualitative data revealed that while teachers acknowledge the potential of technology to increase student motivation and create authentic language learning environments, they face challenges in aligning technology use with learning objectives, classroom management, and learning assessment. This research provides recommendations for teacher professional development and educational policies that support effective technology integration in English language teaching.

This research aims to explore strategies and challenges in implementing School Based Management (MBS) at UPT SPF SMP Negeri 22 Makassar City. Through a qualitative research approach, data was collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The research results show that schools have adopted a number of strategies to implement SBM, including increasing stakeholder participation, using technology in the teaching and learning process, and increasing transparency and accountability. However, the research also uncovered a number of challenges, including resistance to change, lack of training and support for school staff, and resource constraints. This research suggests that effective solutions to these challenges are essential to ensure successful and sustainable SBM implementation.
 
 

Indonesia is one of the many countries with confirmed cases of Covid-19. An increase in Covid-19 cases can have a big impact, one of the impacts is the declining quality of human resources for each individual in a company. To improve the quality of human resources, of course you have to know the management of human resources. Human resource management is the process of managing human beings from planning, recruitment, selection, training, development, compensation, career, safety, health and maintaining industrial relations to termination of employment to achieve from the company and achieve prosperity. The scope of HRM is the objectives of HRM, policy objectives and functions of HRM related to improving the quality of the company's human resources, including: 1. Planning 2. Organizing 3. Implementation 4. Supervision. The functions of human resource management in a company or organization itself include: 1. Job analysis 2. Human resource planning 3. Human resource recruitment 4. Selection 5. Training and development 6. Job evaluation 7. Compensation 8. Career path 9. Safety and health. Factors that influence the quality of human resources in a company are as follows: 1. Company culture 2. Environment 3. Technology 4. Leadership 5. Adaptation 6. Productivity 7. Motivation and recognition. The company's strategy in order to improve the quality of human resources after Covid-19, as follows: 1. Clear job description 2. Detailed work planning 3. Emphasis on technical qualifications and skills 4. Emphasis on special worker training 5.

This research was conducted with the intention of discovering how the management of incoming and outgoing letters is handled in the General, Personnel, and Legal Subdivisions of the Office of the Education Office of the Province of South Sulawesi. This is a qualitative study, with data obtained from direct observations and interviews about the management of incoming letters and letters. The descriptive research methodology was utilized for this study's research design. Field studies by observation (observation) and interviews were used to collect data for this study (interview). The study's findings revealed that the management of incoming and outgoing letters in the General, Personnel, and Legal Subdivisions at the South Sulawesi Province Education Office, based on the results of interviews and observations, employs a combined principle, namely the principles of centralization and decentralization. In terms of archive storage, inactive archives are managed by Archivists, whereas active archives are managed by their respective subsections.