This research aims to analyze the relationship between feed prices and the productivity of broiler chickens in Indonesia, considering that poultry farming is the main source of animal protein needs for the community. One important component that influences production efficiency is feed prices, which often change due to changes in local and international markets. This research uses a quantitative analysis method with regression which is used in this research to find the relationship between the increase in feed prices and the level of productivity of broiler chickens, including body weight gain, feed efficiency and mortality rates. The data used includes feed prices, production costs and harvest yields from various regions in Indonesia during a certain time period. According to research results, the increase in feed prices made a significant contribution to the decline in broiler chicken productivity. These results indicate that to maintain production stability, strategies to manage feed costs and diversify local raw material sources are needed. In conclusion, to keep the poultry farming industry in Indonesia afloat, feed price stability is very important.

To find out  the beef cattle business in Perbaungan sub-district is potentially profitable from a financial, social and environmental perspective. Primary data were collected through interviews with farmers and secondary data from relevant agencies. Descriptive-analytical method was used. Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Value (NPV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were used to assess business feasibility. The results showed that the beef cattle business is financially viable with a BCR value of 1.35, NPV of 25,000,000, and IRR of 18 per cent. In addition, the business has a positive impact on income generation, job creation, and farmer welfare. But there are some problems, such as changes in feed prices and cattle waste management. Even if feed prices and cattle selling prices change significantly, the business is still viable, according to the sensitivity analysis. To make the business more sustainable, the government should help through training programmes, feed subsidies and access to finance. Beef cattle enterprises have great potential to grow and have a positive impact on both the environment and the community if managed properly.

Cattle farming is crucial to the economy, particularly in agricultural countries, providing meat, milk, and leather, as well as raw materials for related industries. In Indonesia, cattle farming is growing rapidly, with Perbaungan, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, showing significant development due to favorable conditions such as fertile land and abundant feed resources. This study evaluates the fattening of Madras cattle through field experiments, using a balanced mix of concentrate and grass. The results suggest that fattening cattle is a viable business, contributing to national beef production and food security. The total monthly production cost for 70 cattle is Rp 59,283,000, indicating economic feasibility for further development.

Although North Sumatra's cattle farms have enormous potential for development, there are still several issues that hinder productivity and efficiency. The comparative advantages and development strategies of cattle farming in the region are the subject of this study. The methods used include literature analysis and secondary data from various relevant sources. The results showed that, although local cattle have advantages in terms of adaptation to the environment, their productivity is lower than imported cattle such as Brahman Cross. Some of the factors that lead to low productivity include poor feed management, limited use of technology such as artificial insemination, and an ineffective marketing system. In addition, this study found that by improving the efficiency of agricultural waste as feed, cattle farming can thrive, the use of biogas and improved marketing systems through farmer cooperatives. Improving the competitiveness of cattle farming in North Sumatra can be achieved through the application of technology and local wisdom-based approaches. This research is expected to help in making policies and strategies to develop more efficient and sustainable cattle farming in the future.

This study aims to analyzes the management of beef cattle maintenance in Pematang Sijonam Village, Perbaungan District, using a survey method through interviews and observations of farmers. Data includes maintenance techniques, feed quality, livestock health, and management practices that affect productivity. The results show that farmers are still using traditional techniques and facing obstacles in providing quality feed and managing livestock health. Factors such as farmer knowledge, skills, resource availability, and government support greatly affect the success of maintenance management. To increase the productivity and welfare of farmers, it is necessary to increase knowledge and skills through training, as well as government support in providing adequate resources and maintenance facilities.

This study aims to analyze the effect of feed supplements on the health and growth of beef cattle. The method used is a literature review, examining various relevant sources related to livestock feed and supplements. The results show that the addition of protein in feed increases the average daily gain (ADG) of cattle by 1.0-1.2 kg/day compared to cattle without supplements (0.7 kg/day). Feed supplements also proved to improve feed conversion efficiency by up to 20-25% and reduce feed costs when combined with local feed. Additionally, the provision of minerals and vitamins such as vitamin E and selenium contributes to improving cattle immunity and reproductive health. The implementation of good livestock health management, including routine administration of vitamins and deworming, is key to enhancing the productivity and health of beef cattle.

This study investigated the effect of genetic quality of local North Sumatra cattle on fattening efficiency. PCR and RFLP-based genetic analyses and fattening efficiency measurements through average daily growth (ADG) and feed conversion (FCR) were used. local cattle from Deli Serdang, Langkat, and Simalungun were used. The study showed that feed management involving the use of concentrate and high-quality forage can improve cattle fattening efficiency, and the IGF-1 gene plays a significant role in cattle growth. A strong correlation between fattening efficiency and genetic quality (r = 0.85) indicates the importance of genetic selection to improve productive local cattle. Based on these findings, it is recommended to implement molecular marker-based genetic selection programmes and improve feed management by diversifying local feed sources. In addition, it is necessary to improve farmer training on more efficient husbandry methods. This research provides policy suggestions that can be implemented to support the curiosity of the livestock industry in North Sumatra and improve the efficiency of local cattle production.