One important technique for understanding and analyzing computer network performance is TCP/IP simulacrum. In this research, we simulate a TCP/IP network using the bus topology as a model. We use the Cisco Packet Tracer simulated network topology builder to create a bus topology and implement the TCP/IP protocol. The simulation results provide more accurate understanding of how the TCP/IP protocol functions within a bus network. We analyze network performance in terms of throughput, latency, and packet loss. The analysis's findings indicate that bus topologies have a certain amount of leeway in network operations, particularly when a collision occurs. However, this simulation offers a valuable tool to improve computer network design and management.
 
 
 

Data networks are the lifeblood of modern life, connecting people and information at high speeds. Frame Relay technology plays an important role in delivering efficient and reliable data connectivity, like a water pipe that flows information seamlessly. Specifically designed for Wide Area Network (WAN), Frame Relay works at layer 2, optimizing data transmission between remote locations. This research uses experimental research. Experimental research is a manipulative process that needs to be carried out by applying certain treatments/treatments to research subjects and observing/measuring the effects. This research was conducted by looking at the results of the ping test on Router 1, Router 2 and Router 3 in sending messages over the network in 1 cloud The "ping" command is used to test the network connection by sending packets to the specified IP address. The results of the "ping" command show that the network connection to IP address 192.168.5.100 can be guaranteed successfully, with an average response time of about 16 ms. The frame relay circuit on the cloud router uses frame relay technology to send data between connected devices. The cloud router becomes the center of the frame relay network and manages the data traffic between the devices. IP network configuration can be done automatically through DHCP Ping also shows that the network is reliable with a minimum response time of 13 ms, a maximum of 19 ms, and an average of 16 ms.

The development of the world of telecommunications continues to improve. Its initial appearance was as first generation technology (1G) which still uses the same system. In 1991, 2G technology began to develop, using a digital system and being able to provide not only voice services but also data services. This technological development was then followed by 3G and 4G. Currently, technological progress has increased very rapidly in almost every field of technology. has created very sophisticated tools to support human work. One of the latest technological advances that plays an important role is the emergence of 5G technology. 5G technology is a wireless technology that is more complex than previous wireless technologies. With greater bandwidth, higher data speeds and lower latency, this technology can provide opportunities and benefits for operators to create new business models.
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Data communication is a field of science that studies the process of sending data, as well as how data can be received from sending and receiving terminals. A computer network is a set of "interconnections" between 2 or more autonomous computers connected by cable or wireless transmission media. Cisco packet tracer is a network simulation application developed by Cisco as a simulator as a learning medium for Cisco devices. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network simulation using Cisco Packet Tracer software is an effective method for understanding, designing, and analyzing P2P networks in a controlled environment. The method used is literature study and carrying out simulation practice on Cisco Packet Tracer software to simulate a network. This research method aims to outline the steps and procedures required to simulate a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network using Cisco Packet Tracer software. This abstract presents a brief view of the simulation approach used to model and examine the performance of a P2P network using Cisco Packet Tracer contains implementation steps for peer to peer network simulation. Through simulation, in-depth performance analysis can be carried out on various aspects of P2P networks, such as throughput, latency and reliability. This allows researchers and practitioners to understand how P2P networks behave under various conditions. Thus, P2P network simulation with Packet Tracer provides a useful tool for researchers and practitioners to understand and optimize P2P network performance in various scenarios.

Ring topology is a type of network topology that is used to connect a computer with other computers in a circular circuit, like a ring. Usually a ring topology only uses a LAN card to connect each computer. The function of a ring topology is to connect nodes or computers in a network so that they can share information and resources with each other. Meanwhile, TCP-IP itself is communication used by the internet community to exchange data from one computer to another computer on the internet, because this protocol is a collection of protocols (protocol suite).

Cellular networks play an important role in modern life with the availability of flexible connectivity in various places, fast internet access and communication services and are a reference for innovation and economic growth. However, the complexity of cellular networks requires careful planning and management, this is to ensure a reliable and safe service. The method used in designing cellular networks is the simulation method, namely by using Cisco Packet Tracer software and literature studies from various references. The results of cellular network simulations using this software can show superiority in designing, configuring and testing cellular networks. Apart from that, this software also provides complete features to meet several needs, starting from the process of creating a network topology, configuring IP addresses, activating DHCP services and HTTP services, to testing connections using PDU samples between smartphone devices and servers. With the successful connection test, it can be concluded that the settings and services on the cellular network have been tested and verified using Cisco Packet Tracer. This has shown that the software used is very effective in simulating and testing cellular networks.

Telecommunications network planning is a crucial step in building an efficient and reliable communications infrastructure. In an era where connectivity is the backbone for various human activities, both on an individual and business scale, the importance of telecommunications network planning becomes increasingly apparent. In this abstract, we explain why telecommunications network planning is so important. First, careful planning ensures efficient use of resources, from frequency spectrum to hardware. Second, good planning can anticipate demand growth, ensuring that the network can grow in line with needs without sacrificing service quality. Furthermore, careful planning also considers security, privacy and reliability factors, which are crucial in a telecommunications environment that is constantly changing and vulnerable to threats. Thus, this abstract highlights the importance of telecommunications network planning in facing the challenges and opportunities in an increasingly connected world. With proper planning, telecommunications networks can become a strong backbone for social, economic and technological development.

As time goes by, existing technology continues to develop, one of which is network communication technology. LAN Computer Network or Local Area Network is a computer network consisting of several computers connected to each other in a relatively small area such as a building, campus or office. This research was conducted to see how a LAN network works to deliver data or information. This research is a type of descriptive research. The methods used in this research are literature study and simulation methods. The simulation is carried out using the Cisco network application. As a result, the Cisco application can project the working principles of a LAN network.

Abstrak. Teknologi input/output (I/O) memegang peranan penting dalam perkembangan perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak komputer modern. Pesatnya perkembangan teknologi I/O telah memungkinkan komputer menjadi lebih interaktif, lebih cepat, dan lebih efisien dalam memproses informasi. Pada proses I/O terdapat perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak yang berfungsi sebagai media menghasilkan data. Perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak saling terkait dan saling mendukung dalam operasi komputer. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis peran teknologi I/O pada perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak berdasarkan perkembangannya. Teknologi I/O merujuk pada cara komputer berinteraksi dengan dunia luar melalui masukan dan keluaran. Data diperoleh beradasarkan studi pustaka dengan menggunakan referensi dari berbagai sumber. Metode penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami kerangka pengetahuan yang sudah ada tentang judu, mengidentifikasi dan mendukung atau merinci argument. Berdasarkan literatur yang sudah ada, hasil penelitian menunjukkan peran teknologi I/O pada perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak sangat berpengaruh pada perkembangannya dapat dilihat dari kinerja perangkat keras yang lebih baik, inovasi dalam perangkat keras yang terus berkembang dan perkembangan perangkat lunak yang lebih maju.
 
Abstract. Input/output (I/O) technology plays an important role in the development of modern computer hardware and software. The rapid development of I/O technology has allowed computers to become more interactive, faster, and more efficient in processing information. In the I/O process, there are hardware and software that function as a medium to produce data. Hardware and software are interrelated and support each other in computer operations. This study aims to analyze the role of I/O technology in hardware and software based on its development. I/O technology refers to the way a computer interacts with the outside world through inputs and outputs. Data is obtained based on literature studies using references from various sources. This research method aims to understand the existing framework of knowledge about judu, identify and support or detail arguments. Based on existing literature, the results show the role of I/O technology in hardware and software is very influential on its development can be seen from better hardware performance, innovation in hardware that continues to develop and more advanced software developments.

In Indonesia in particular, SCADA has been recognized and started to be implemented in electric power system control since the early 1980s. In other more developed countries, the application of SCADA is growing along with developments in computer and telecommunications technology. At a time when the development of SCADA was not as sophisticated as it is now, there was an idea to make it easier to maneuver, namely in a simple network system using SCADA we can supply additional power or do power outages easily so that the overload does not occur. After implementing the SCADA system there are less time and frequency savings compared to before implementing the SCADA system. This means that the SCADA reliability index is much better after implementing the SCADA system..