Guidance and counseling for early childhood is an assistance effort carried out by teachers/supporters for early childhood so that children can grow and develop optimally and be able to overcome the problems they face. The research was carried out in a qualitative manner using a literature study approach. Research results: Through counseling, children are taught skills that enable them to become independent individuals, able to make decisions, and be responsible for their own actions. The main objective of providing guidance and counseling is to anticipate or take preventive action against the emergence of problematic behavior. Of course, prevention will be much easier than cure. This principle will also be applied in counseling guidance in the Early Childhood Education environment. In other words, preventing problem behavior in children is much easier than treating problem behavior in adults.

This research will discuss parents efforts in overcoming early-age children's tantrum character in South Pandian Village, Pandian Sumenep. In answering the writing context above the writer uses observation qualitative descriptive method. Exactly, process of writing is to describe and analysis the occurred phenomenon. The main source of this writing is parents in South Pandian Village while the secondary source in this writing is children in South Pandian, Picture, and the documentation. Besides, the way to aggregation data which is used is observation, interview, and documentation. The result of this writing shows that 1) parent effort in overcoming children’s tamper is intended to be calm, give a hug, and shift children's attention. 2) Thread which is faced by a parent to overcome early age children exactly decreasing education from parent in handling children tantrum tamper, decrease to fulfill children demand, the inconsistent parent, the unable parent to give attention to the child and control the emotion, decrease in giving commendation when the child is able to do something.

The aim of the research is to improve the ability to number 1–10 through the method of playing number cards in group A children at Teratai IX Early Childhood Education. The research was carried out through classroom actions in two cycles on 13 students in group A. Research results: In cycle 1 action, the ability to number numbers 1-10 reached an average of 4 children (81%), the ability to number numbers 4-6 reached an average of 3 children (41%), and the ability to number 1-3 reaches an average of 6 children (21%). In cycle 2 of action, the ability to say numbers 1-10 reached an average of 7 children (100%), and the ability to say numbers 4-6 reached an average of 5 children (60%). And the ability to number 1-3 reaches 1 child (40%). Effective steps in improving children's numeration skills: the teacher changes learning techniques into groups, gives rewards in the form of star marks, the size of the numbers on the cards, and equips with a Children's Worksheet, the number of number cards 1-10 is made according to the child's needs.

The aim of the research is to improve fine motor skills through ronce activities at Cendrawasih Sukmajaya Early Childhood Education. The research was carried out with classroom actions carried out in two subject cycles for 10 students. The results of observations of initial abilities in the pre-cycle showed that there were 7 children whose fine motor skills had not yet developed (70%) and 3 children who were starting to develop them (30%). In cycle I, there were 6 children who started to develop (60%) and 4 children (40%) who developed according to expectations. Then in cycle II, 2 children (20% of children) developed according to expectations and 8 children (80%) developed very well. This means that there is an increase in students' fine motor skills in implementing classroom action research. This research was stopped until cycle II because it had met the success indicator criteria. Conclusion: meronce activities can improve and increase fine motor skills, namely being able to follow the size of color patterns and students' work.

The aim of the research is to improve the speaking skills of children aged 5 - 6 years using hand puppets at Handayani Caringin Bogor Early Childhood Education. The research was conducted as classroom action research with two cycles on 19 children. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative by comparing data obtained from initial conditions, cycle I and cycle II with four stages, namely planning action, implementing action, carrying out observation, and reflection. Based on the results of the known data analysis, after the process of using hand puppet media, the child's speaking skills before using hand puppet media received a score of 52.63% with poor criteria and in the first cycle of action, they scored 63.16% with good criteria. In cycle II, the average child's speaking skills after using hand puppets increased by 84.21%.

One of the health problems is stroke. Stroke is a disease affecting the body's movement and functional systems which is the main factor in neurological disorders. Stroke is the second highest cause of death and the third leading cause of disability at world level. Stroke can affect the whole body such as paralysis, impaired cognitive function, difficulty speaking, emotional difficulties, pain and problems in daily life activities. Posyandu Ngudi Saras is one of the posyandu for the elderly in Sanggung Village. There is a shortage of physiotherapists in this place, which is one of the obstacles faced by residents in Sanggung Village. Apart from that, there is a lack of education about physiotherapy exercise programs, especially for stroke sufferers. This can be seen from the patient not continuing the exercise program at home so that his condition worsens and when carrying out activities he depends on other people. Based on these problems, we offer a solution by providing education about physiotherapy exercise programs from sitting to standing and from standing to walking to patients and families. This physiotherapy exercise program is useful for increasing the patient's independence in carrying out activities, especially when walking and standing. Activities are carried out door to door in the homes of stroke sufferers and with an interpersonal approach. Community service through this form of educational activity has been carried out and can increase the knowledge of stroke sufferers and their families.

The journal 'The Dynamics of Conflict and Adaptation of Mobile Traders in Modern Society: A Dahrendorf Conflict Sociological Perspective' explores the complex interactions between mobile traders and modern society using the sociological framework of conflict proposed by Ralf Dahrendorf. This research details how mobile merchants, as social groups vulnerable to conflict with existing social authorities and structures, seek to adapt in a modern society filled with diverse social, economic, and cultural changes. With a focus on the dynamics of conflicts that arise along their journey, this journal also analyzes the adaptation strategies used by mobile traders in answering the challenges faced in this modern era. Through Dahrendorf's approach, this journal provides an in-depth insight into social change and conflict that occurs in contemporary society, by focusing on the role and experience of mobile traders as social agents who interact in the complexity of conflict and adaptation structures.
 

This research has the objective of analyzing the relationship between the work environment, work culture and workload related to employee performance in an agency or company. This research uses quantitative methods through descriptive analysis, as well as online data collection using the Microsoft Forms Platform with a Likert scale of 1 to 5 with the Purposive Sampling method, there are 150 respondents with the age criteria 18-30 and currently working. Processed using the SmartPLS 4.0.9.2 application program. with Structural Eqution Modeling (SEM). The results showed that, the work environment is influential in supporting or improving the performance of its employees for the better and can produce quality work done by its employees. The work environment can be maximized when a company can implement or create a conducive, collaborative environment, and pay attention to all aspects such as the physical and psychological of its employees. Such factors as sufficient facilities, social support, and job security can increase employee performance productivity. Organizational work culture also plays an important role in shaping employee performance. Organizations with a culture that encourages innovation, collaboration, and employee motivation have better performance. Conversely, a work culture that does not support employees can hinder employee performance. Workload in accordance with individual capacity also affects employee performance. Too high a workload can lead to excessive stress and fatigue, which negatively impacts productivity. Therefore, wise management in determining workload is essential. From this study, it can be concluded that a good work environment, positive work culture, and workload adjustment can significantly improve employee performance. A company or an agency needs to pay attention to these factors to achieve optimal productivity and job satisfaction in the midst of intense competition between agencies.
 
 

The development of technology in the era of modernization creates risks on the rise of social media use. The high number of social media use raises concerns about the consequences of problems that arise, especially related to social media dependence. This dependence makes them feel to always be connected to other activities in social media, which then creates anxiety fear of being left behind by news or trends. This phenomenon is referred to as FOMO (Fear of Missing Out). This sociological research aims to identify the FOMO phenomenon as a result of social media dependence among Jember regional students. Based on interviews and data analysis, this research explores the extent to which Fomo affects the behavior of the use of social media students of Jember University. In addition, this research also identifies the risks and consequences of the dependence of social media that arise due to FOMO. The results of research on a number of Jember University students show that students who experience FOMO tend to have a higher degree of dependence on social media.
 

Modernity has brought quite significant changes and impacts, especially on social and economic changes. Pedicab drivers are one of the units in society that is experiencing a major impact from the modernization process, they are threatened with losing their jobs, causing the problem of not being able to meet their daily needs. This research aims to provide insight regarding the analysis of pedicab drivers in facing modernity, so that they are expected to have good knowledge regarding the social and economic changes that occur in the community of pedicab drivers at Jember stasion. This research uses qualitative research methods through a phenomenological approach. The basic theory used in this research is the functional structural theory proposed by Talcott Parson. Data collection in this research used interviews, observation, and documentation.