Indonesia tried to cultivated wheat since 2000. Characteristics of Indonesia as a tropical country caused the productivity of wheat crops was relatively lower than the productivity of sub-tropical wheat cultivation. The development of wheat cultivation was carried out in various regions, including in Central Java Province. Several institutions had participated to introduce the wheat cultivation in Central Java province. This study explores the farmer perceptions on wheat farming and correlation between internal driver and external driver and farmer's perception on wheat farming, and the correlation between farmer perception toward farmer motivation to cultivate wheat. This research used survey technique to collect primary data from farmers who get involved on wheat cultivation introduction program. Data analysis techniques were used rank spearman correlation analysis. The study showed that respondents in Demak Regency tend to have the perception that wheat cultivation is very unprofitable, not easily cultivated and has a high risk of crop failure. Respondents in Boyolali tend to have the perception that wheat is easily cultivated, but has a high risk of crop failure and high selling prices. Respondents in Klaten Regency tend to have the perception that wheat cultivation is not profitable and has a high risk of crop failure, but has a high selling price. There is no significant relationship on age, education, farming experience, frequency of extension, and farm environmental conditions on farmers' perceptions. There are significant relationship between farmer status, land area, with farmers’ perception on wheat cultivation, and the farmers perception had relation with farmers motivation to cultivate wheat

Employing a qualitative approach, this study attempts a critical investigation into the Kebijakan Revolusi Pertanian, ie. The Revolutionary Agricultural Policy, as it was developed by the Regional Government of South-western Sumba. During the years 2014-2019 it aimed to raise the agricultural economy, and thereby overcome the problem of poverty. The data for this research was procured through personal observation and deep interviews with sources such as key informants within the regional environment. These were reinforced with a number of planning documents and executive programs which comprise a secondary resource. The analysis of the Policy is done taking into account the relevant political, economic, technological and social aspects (PETS  analysis), as well the innovations occurring during the course of  this Policy. This study will demonstrate that the Policy has been, at least till now, incapable of having a significant impact on the agricultural economy, or the efforts to overcome poverty. The causes of this failure is the antagonism between the characteristics of the subsistence society found there and the weak institutional application of the policies employed.

This study aims to calculate and compare the income and the level of efficiency of poultry farming with various business patterns, namely "Mandiri" or independent, partnering with national company and partnering with foreign company. Respondents were taken in a census method, consist of 11 independent farmers, 21 farmers who partnered with national company and 10 farmers who partnered with foreign company. Income is calculated by subtracting revenue and costs. Business efficiency is determined by the R/C Ratio. Meanwhile, the comparison of incomes were analyzed by the t-test. The results showed that the average income of independent livestock business is IDR 5.536,95/head, the national partnership is IDR 2.523,20/head, and those with foreign partner is IDR 3.162,74/head. While The efficiency level of independent pattern is 1,15, 1,09 for national partnership pattern and 1,10 for foreign partnership. The results of the t-test at the 95% confidence level indicate that the income of independent livestock is higher than those in nationally and foreign-partnered farms. While the nationally-partnered business is not higher than the foreign-partnered.
 

Cultivation activities on mug bean lands have the potential to cause N2O emissions. Efforts to reduce N2O emissions through the selection of low-emission mug bean varieties. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Agricultural Environment Research Institute, Jaken, Pati, Central Java, in July 2018 until October 2018. The experimental design used was a randomized block design with six replications and four mug bean varieties: (1), Gronong (2), Menthik (3), PB and (4), Vima 3. Parameters measured were flux and N2O emissions, plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf greenery, weight of 100 seeds, yield of dry beans per tile, and yields. The results of the analysis showes that PB varieties produced N2O emission values for the lowest 1 (one) growing season of 0.17 kg ha-1season-1. Meanwhile, from the results of productivity, the Menthik variety has the highest average yield of dried seeds, which is 1.38 tons ha-1. PB varieties have a higher average weight of 100 seeds (6.28 grams 100 seeds-1). So, in mung bean varieties that produce low emissions, not necessarily have high productivity as well. Greenhouse gas mitigation strategies, especially to reduce N2O emissions can be done by selecting varieties, balanced by good soil treatment, and effective and efficient fertilization.