As the standard of living increases, the orientation of food consumption shifts from fulfilling intake to fulfilling nutrition. The acquisition of sustenance by means other than farming and government aid can enhance nutritional satisfaction, increasing energy consumption as a measure of food security. This study aimed to assess the impact of food acquisition outside expenditure on the food security of cassava farmer households in Wonogiri Regency. The research was conducted in July 2022. The method of analysis was descriptive quantitative with purposive location determination. A representative sample of 80 households was chosen by applying the proportionate allocation formula. Data were collected using 2 x 24-hour Food Recall. The data analysis in this study focused on three key variables: income, the proportion of food spending, and the Wilcoxon test of energy consumption and food security among farmer households. These variables were examined before and after food acquisition from external sources. The results showed that the average monthly income of farmers was Rp4,985,487.00. The proportion of food expenditure amounted to 33.36 percent. Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference in energy consumption before and after food acquisition outside expenditure. The food security classification of cassava farmer households before the acquisition of food outside expenditure showed that 21.25 percent were classified as food secure, 15 percent were classified as food susceptible, 52.5 percent as food insecure, and 11.25 percent as severely food insecure. After the additional food outside expenditure, the food security classification increased, with 45 percent classified as food secure, 23.75 percent as food susceptible, 25 percent as food insecure, and 6.25 percent as severely food insecure. This finding demonstrates that food utilization from farming and the Non-Cash Food Assistance (Bantuan et al./BPNT) program positively impacts the food security conditions of cassava farmer households in Wonogiri Regency.

Urea intensive application is considered to reduce soil quality, and food quality. The constraints of urea application in tropics are low effectivity due to intensive leaching and volatilization. In order to decrease the urea dose, cheap and renewable biofertilizer application is suggested. Coating urea with biofertilizer become an easy way to apply both biofertilizer. In the previous research, biofertilizer-coated urea (BCU) had been formulated by using Bacillus subtilis, B. megaterium, Azotobacter chroococcum and A. vinelandii. The objective of this research was to verify the effect of BCU on the growth and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cv. Romaine; and decrease of urea dose in a planting season. The field experiment was arranged in randomized block design with five treatments and five replications. Lettuces were treated with a dose and half dose of two BCU formulations. The results showed that BCU didn’t affect growth, P uptake and plant yield but half dose of BCU produced the same lettuce productivity with one dose of urea. Half dose of BCU resulted in the same shoot N uptake as one dose of urea but a dose of particular BCU formulation possibly decreased N uptake. The population of total Bacillus and Azotobacter in the rhizosphere was determined by dose and BCU formulation but they didn’t change abruptly after BCU application. The experiment suggested that application of urea coated by carrier-based biofertilizer was reliable to support lettuce cultivation and reduce the urea dose.

The organic vegetable business is a business that has high opportunities. The real conditions experienced during the Covid-19 pandemic harmed farmers who were also in the organic vegetable business, namely a 50 percent decrease in sales. A sustainable agricultural business depends on the entrepreneurial spirit possessed by agribusiness actors. This study aims to analyze the influence of entrepreneurial internal and external factors on the sustainability of the organic vegetable business with business performance as an intervening variable. This research was carried out from October to December 2022 in Batur Village, Getasan District. The type of research used in this research is descriptive quantitative, with primary and secondary data types. The sample used is 100 respondents, taken by nonprobability sampling with the purposive method. Data analysis techniques used by researchers are structural equation modeling (SEM) and partial least squares path modeling (PLS-SEM). The results of this research are entrepreneurial internal factors (X1) with p-value 0,003 and entrepreneurial external factors (X2) with p-value 0,000 have a significant and significant positive effect on the sustainability of the organic vegetable business (Y2). But entrepreneurial internal factors (X1) with p-value 0,117 and entrepreneurial external factors (X2) with p-value 0,122 have no significant effect on business sustainability (Y2) through business performance (Y1) as intervening variables. Therefore, if everyone improves business performance personally it will distrupt business performance in the group.

This study was carried out in field of Sulimani Polytechnic University, Halabja Technical College of Applied Sciences, Department of Agriculture Project Management, in 2021-2022 to test of different types of peat moss (Latvia, Iraq, Turkish, Germany, and Holland), and various level of peat moss (0,2.5, and 5 percent) on the growth and yield of radish plant (Raphanus sativus). This experiment was designed complied random block design (RCBD), with fifteen treatments and three replications. As results, the morphological properties (chlorophyll, leave tall, leave weight before and after dry, root tall, root diameter, root weight before and after dry, root and leaves dry, root and leaves water content) showed that the statistically not significant different between treatments. However, the highest chlorophyll was taken from treatment Iraq+ level 5 percent (23.967). Also, the highest leave tall, leave weight before dry, root dimeter, root tall, and root weight before and after dry was obtained from treatment that consist of Germany peat moss + level 5 percent (18.4 cm, 22.2 g, 8.4 cm, 39.157 mm, 58.433 g, 2.333 g) respectively. Also, the maximum of leaves weight (g) after dry was obtained from the treatment of Holland peat moss + level 5 percent (2,6 g). Furthermore, the interaction between treatment showed statically not significant different between them. Thus, application of peat moss is important to cultivation of radish and organic crop production. Even so, recommendation to the farm and scientist to use higher level that the level used in this study.

Tourism villages can develop if the community supports them. To accomplish a goal, a community that is part of the institution must be able to perform its duties and functions as a unitary institution. The institutions have to communicate with one another and work together to develop Lerep Tourism Village. This research will outline the roles of each institution and examine this synergism. Based on the institutions participating in the management of the Lerep Tourism Village, the location was chosen using a purposive sampling strategy. This is a qualitative approach with case study research. Purposive sampling was used to select 26 informants to interview, covering head of village and hamlets, leaders and members of institutions, representative of communities from 4 hamlets. In-depth interviews, observation, and documentation were utilized to obtain the data, and evaluated using Miles Huberman’s flow model. The data’s veracity was examined using source triangulation and technique triangulation. The results show that each institution namely Government Institution, Economic Institution, Art and Cultural Institution, Agricultural Institution, and Environmental Institution plays different roles. There are varieties of purposes in institutional synergy. However, institutions have implemented elements of effective communication and coordination. Such synergies lead to the establishment of new tourist attractions and facilities, increase in the number and satisfaction of visitors, job opening and increase in community income, moreover receiving recognition and passing the certification process. There needs to be discussions and follow-up process regarding improving the internal conditions of institutions and communities between hamlets.

Soybean is important commodity because it is consumed by the whole communities. Soybean plays important role in national food security. In fact, the needs for soybeans currently still depend on import of soybean seeds. The stakeholders and communities have made some efforts to increase soybeans production, and one of them is providing superior and high-qualified varieties, as well as profitable for farming. Objective of the study was to know relationship between agronomic characters and economic values in soybean varieties assessment. The study was to analyze the farming of new superior varieties in comparison with local superior varieties by applying different dose of fertilizer. Furthermore, the research was carried out to look for superiorities of the varieties before they are released. Conclusions of the research are (1) the harvest yield per hectare showed that the treatment of YS2 and YS3 have the highest yields with average values 2.4 and 2.2 tons/ha, respectively. (2) The highest farming income was derived from the treatment of YS0, (3) Extra expenses for farming which were expended for both varieties of Yasi 6 and Grobogan will be able to increase the harvest yield but could not afford to raise income, (4) Yasi 6 could be cultivated in accordance with the farmers’ habits and will be able to raise income.

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var capitate), broccoli (B. oleraceae L. var italica), carrots, and cauliflower (B. oleracea var botrytis) are the primary vegetable crops grown in Ngablak. The role of chemical fertilizers in crop enhancement cannot be avoided in the production of vegetables. Chemical fertilizers come in a variety of forms, including nitrogenous, phosphate, and potassium fertilizers. Fertilizer use not only boosts crop yield, but also modifies the physical, chemical, and biological aspects of the soil. However, the continual use of chemical fertilizers has led to a loss in soil organic matter (SOM) and a deterioration in the quality of agricultural soil. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers hardens the soil, diminishes soil fertility, pollutes the air, water, and soil, and depletes vital soil nutrients and minerals, consequently posing environmental risks. This research breakthrough is needed to reduce chemical fertilizers. Biochar, a pyrolyzed or anaerobically-grown biomass, could be used. This study examined the effects of biochar on disease suppression and yield in Brassica oleracea plants in rich soils in Magelang, Central Java. The treatment of this study was control, biochar, biochar+compost. The results of this study can be concluded that the maximum wet and dry weight of broccoli and cabbage plants was achieved in the biochar+compost treatment. Biochar and biochar+compost can enhance the nutrient content of the soil in broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage. In addition, biochar has an effect (positive or negative influence) on disease in test plants. During June observations, the controls had the highest incidence and plant disease severity, whereas adding biochar and biochar+compost reduced disease incidence and plant disease severity. Increased potassium in conjunction with changes in the chemical characteristics i.e. increasing pH, total N, and C- organic of the soil results in the formation of resistance.

One of the important problems in soybean production is the weed growth. This study was conducted to observe the growth of weeds in the growth of soybean plants that are given compost. Anjasmoro soybean varieties were planted in Surakarta, on April 14, 2020. There are four types of treatment, namely given compost fertilizer made from tobacco leaves, soursop leaves, a mixture of tobacco leaves and soursop, and without fertilizer. Weeds were allowed to grow together with soybeans in 15 polybags, per treatment. Observation and identification of weeds were carried out twice, 4 weeks after planting and at harvest time. The results found 9 kinds of weeds consisting of 5 species of Monocots and 4 types of Dicotiles. The total wet weight of weeds was every treatment: 1,539 grams, while the wet weight of the soybean crop at harvest was 858.4 grams. Wet weed weight in the control treatment was 284,8 grams. The wet weight of weeds in soybean plants was the largest mixture fertilizer treatment that is 514,8 grams. The number of pods ranges from 17 to 26. The sum of seeds per soybean plant in giving mixed compost is at most 98 grains. Mixed fertilizer treatment can increase the yield of Anjasmoro soybean, although weed growth up.

Identity is a way that distinguishes the character or innate nature of living things, things, or humans themselves that characterize them. Brand Identity is a sign of identifying an identity of a brand as a differentiator from other brands. Brand Identity design can be notarized successfully when the brand identity represents a brand, in its delivery in the form of logos, applications, on stationary sets and on promotional media.Coconut Orchids Nursery is an orchid flower cultivation place that has a fairly complete orchid collection. Coconut Orchids Nursery plans to develop its business. In order for the planning to be measurable, it is necessary to design strategic planning in the form of strategy plots and work programs. Brand identity design is needed as a standard strategy program in a business / company. In order to be effective, a brand identity must be distinguishable from competing brands and be able to represent the product, service, or company over time. Efforts in achieving brand identity must be done with full commitment and consistency because the benefits will be worth it if successful.

Jl. Boulevard and Jl. Pengayoman is a commercial area in Makassar City. Jl. Boulevard and Jl. Protection is quite strategic because it can be reached by all levels of society from various means of transportation. Various community activities such as walking, jogging, shopping, office activities, etc. have resulted in the increase in parking for visitors' vehicles in the area, covering the shoulders of the road and pedestrians. From the results of our previous research, it is clear that the cause of illegal parking that occurs in the commercial areas of Jalan Boulevard and Jalan Pengayoman is the limited parking space in each commercial building and the standard for calculating parking spaces in the commercial areas of Jalan Boulevard and Jalan Pengayoman. This is what causes the loss of user comfort and the change in pedestrian function to illegal parking in the Jl. Boulevard and Jl. Pengayoman is therefore an action that is contrary to Islamic Sharia which is haram because it is illegal, does not comply with local legal regulations and also harms other people. So, to restore the comfort and function of pedestrians in the commercial area of Jl. Boulevard and Jl. Pengayoman, we will carry out further research with the title "Planning Public Parking Areas in Commercial Areas on Jalan Boulevard and Jalan Pengayoman in Makassar City", where this research is to solve the problem of lack of parking spaces so that there is no more illegal parking in commercial areas on Jalan Boulevard and Jalan Protection of Makassar City. Data analysis uses qualitative and quantitative analysis which is used to explain the results of survey interviews with users and observations carried out on Jl. Boulevard and Jl. Pengayomanof Makassar City with the results of a literature review regarding parking spaces. This research is expected to provide a real picture to researchers as academics and the government as policy makers regarding public facilities built for the common good, as study material to determine policies that might be implemented to improve or add to these public facilities, and as a source a reference for writers who might carry out studies on urban planning.