In the current digital era, technological advances have brought considerable changes, which can be seen in the way individuals gather information, interact, and play an active role in social life. The concept of citizenship is no longer limited to the physical world, but has expanded to the digital. In the digital sphere, everyone has rights and obligations, including maintaining communication ethics, protecting personal privacy and others, and taking part in more positive activities. As in the Islamic view, in the digital world, people must always participate and be based on sharia principles, such as honesty, responsibility, and respect for the rights of others. This study aims to examine the role of digital citizenship in the perspective of Islamic law, which uses a qualitative approach and normative analysis. The results of this study also show that there are several aspects that are influential in the digital era such as the importance of protecting personal data as part of the main objective of sharia, maintaining communication ethics by prioritizing the principles of politeness and honesty, and preventing the spread of hoax information. Islam also strongly emphasizes the importance of hate speech and bullying among virtual communities. In addition, freedom of expression in the digital sphere must be accompanied by moral responsibility to anticipate conflicts.With this understanding, Muslims are expected to contribute to creating a digital space that is safer, healthier, harmonious, and in accordance with sharia teachings

This study aims to analyze the readiness of farmers in Parakan Village to utilize digital platforms for marketing agricultural products. The methods used include interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), mentoring, and the distribution of questionnaires to 30 members of the Mawar Farmer Group. Findings indicate a shift in farmers' behavior from relying on middlemen to independently marketing their products through social media. However, survey results show low levels of information access, active participation, and understanding of digital innovation. Innovation and digital literacy are key challenges, although some farmers expressed a willingness to learn. Continuous mentoring and collaboration between farmers, academics, and the government are essential to support an inclusive and sustainable digital transformation in the agricultural sector.

The application of appropriate technology has an important role in increasing the production capacity and product quality of MSMEs. This service aims to increase the production capacity of Safnur MSMEs in Lengkong Village, Rakit District, Banjarnegara Regency through the implementation of a spinner tool. The results of the service showed that the use of the spinner tool succeeded in increasing production capacity from 10 kg to 15 kg per day, as well as reducing drying time by up to 66%. In addition, the quality of banana chips products also increases significantly with lower oil content, resulting in products that are crisper and last longer. The training and assistance provided to Safnur MSME workers ensures optimal use of spinner tools, increasing production efficiency and consistency. The implications of the results of this service are not only increasing income and business sustainability of Safnur MSMEs but also opening up new job opportunities for the surrounding community. This success can be used as a model for the development of other MSMEs in the area. Recommendations are given for the continued use of spinner tools and the development of MSMEs through appropriate technology support, ongoing training, and collaboration with the government and related institutions.

An important effort to preserve the ecosystem is the replanting of mangrove seedlings in Wonorejo Village, Surabaya. This activity not only focuses on environmental preservation but also seeks to increase economic potential through processing mangrove products, such as mangrove syrup. The purpose of this activity is to increase public awareness of the importance of protecting the environment and the use of mangrove fruit as a basic ingredient for making syrup, which is very nutritious and economically beneficial. The method used is the Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach. This method includes location selection, selection of mangrove types, socialization, and community involvement and training during the planting and processing process. The results of the activity show that the community is more aware of the importance of preserving the environment and improving the local economy through the use of mangrove syrup products, which helps the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystem and progress in local products.

Photosynthesis is a vital process for plants in converting light energy into chemical energy stored in organic compounds. Light intensity is one of the main factors influencing the efficiency of this process. This study aims to determine the effect of different light intensities on the photosynthesis rate and growth of spinach plants (Amaranthus sp.), which is a C4 plant species.The method used was a quantitative experiment with three light intensity treatments: low (0–10 lux), medium (10–20 lux), and high (>20 lux), each replicated three times over six weeks. Observed parameters included plant height, number and length of leaves, as well as the photosynthesis rate measured using the IRGA method.The results showed that light intensity significantly affected the growth and photosynthesis rate of spinach plants. The high light treatment produced the most optimal growth, with an average plant height of 4.92 ± 0.4 cm and the highest photosynthetic activity. Conversely, the low light treatment caused symptoms of etiolation, reduced vitality, and faster plant death, averaging by the third week.In conclusion, increasing light intensity significantly enhances photosynthesis efficiency and growth in spinach plants. These results can serve as a basis for regulating light intensity in cultivation systems, both conventional and hydroponic.
 

Efforts to diversify corn-based processed products have not been widely carried out by the community, including LMDH in Candisari village, Lamongan Regency. This is due to the lack of knowledge and skills in the community regarding innovations in corn-based food processing, and people are more likely to sell corn directly to middlemen to make ends meet. The main aim of this socialization is to provide LMDH with a solution on how to use sweet corn in the Candisari Village area to process it into marketable food products using simple technology. This is the basis for socialization activities and the use of corn processing carried out in Candisari Village, Sambeng District, Lamongan Regency. The result of the socialization is an increase in community knowledge and skills in innovation in corn pudding processing and product marketing.

Da'wah comes from the Arabic language,” ???, ????, ????”  which means "to call" or "to invite." Da'wah itself is an activity carried out by Muslims to spread the teachings of Islam to others. This activity aims to invite others to understand, accept, and practice Islamic teachings in their daily lives. Da'wah can be conducted through various means, such as lectures, sermons, religious studies, discussions, and via social media or written materials. In delivering da'wah in the environment of Al-Asy'ari Mosque at Universitas Islam Bandung (Unisba), the role of   Indonesian language as the national language has a strategic role in conveying effective and widely accepted da'wah messages within the campus community. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, this research was conducted through media observations and the distribution of questionnaires to students. The role of Indonesian language in delivering da'wah at Al-Asy'ari Mosque is evident as its usage is prevalent in every event, such as sermons, lectures, studies, and more. Indonesian language also serves as a tool to facilitate communication among students from diverse backgrounds and as an effective medium for conveying da'wah messages.

Risk is part of the business. This study aims to determine the effect of CSR, efficiency, and capital on financing risk in Sharia banks in Indonesia. This research was conducted at Islamic banks in Indonesia. This research was conducted from 2015 to 2023. The data used in this study are secondary data sourced from annual reports published by theFinancial Services Authority (OJK) and the official websites of each Islamic bank. The data analysis method in this study is multiple linear regression analysis with panel data. Based on the research results, CSR positively affects financing risk. Efficiency can reduce financing risk. CAR has no impact on financing risk. The research variables used are still limited, so further research can be done by examining how Islamic banks manage financing.

Low technological mastery, minimal ongoing training, and limited facilities require Islamic Religious Education teachers at State Junior High School 24 Medan to have religious, technological, and learning method competencies that are relevant in the era of society 5.0. This study aims to explore information related to strengthening the competence of Islamic Religious Education teachers in facing the era of society 5.0 at State Junior High School 24 Medan. This study uses a qualitative research approach, using the sociology of education. Data collection techniques using interviews, observation and documentation. Data validity checks using triangulation. Meanwhile, the data analysis technique follows Miles and Huberman which goes through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and verification. The results of this study indicate that the efforts of Islamic Religious Education teachers in improving competency strengthening in the era of society 5.0 at State Junior High School 24 Medan can be done through participating in the teacher professional education programme, joining a teacher organisation, increasing collaboration and cooperation, and utilising technology media. The obstacles faced by Islamic Religious Education teachers in implementing competencies in the era of society 5.0 include lack of mastery in the use of technological tools, inadequate school facilities, and lack of full support from parents of students.

This study explores the impact of health expenditure, education levels, and technology adoption on employee productivity within ASEAN countries from 2015 to 2023. Utilizing secondary data from the World Bank, the research employs multiple regression analyses, specifically using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), Fixed Effect Model (FEM), and Random Effect Model (REM) to provide a comprehensive understanding of these relationships. The findingsindicate that higher health expenditure, improved education levels, and greater technology adoption are all significantly and positively correlated with increased employee productivity. Diagnostic tests were conducted to ensure the validity and reliability of the models, with robust standard errors used to address heteroscedasticity. The results underscore the interconnected nature of these factors, highlighting the importance of integrated policy approaches to enhance workforce efficiency and economic growth. This study contributes to the broader literature on productivity by offering valuable insights for policymakers in ASEAN countries, emphasizing the need for coordinated investments in healthcare, education, and technology to drive sustainable development.