Indonesia is a country known for its richness in natural, diverse and beautiful marine resources. Coral Reefs are one of the ecosystems that must be protected and preserved as best as possible, so that they can become a place to live for marine animals such as fish and others. Australia's also a country known for its diverse and beautiful marine ecosystem. However, both countries are experiencing problems, namely that coral reefs are not maintained, so Humans overexploit coral reefs and cause fatal damage to coral reefs and other marine animals. ICRI, as one of the organizations that can maintain and preserve the sustainability of coral reefs, can be a bright spot for both of the countries to work together to maintain and protect marine ecosystems very well.

Investment in marine protection and Fisheries Management Areas (FMAs) is crucial for maintaining the sustainability of the global marine ecosystem. This paper aims to evaluate investment in marine protection and FMAs using Bunaken National Park as a case study. The Cost-Benefit and SWOT analysis approaches are employed to assess the efficiency, effectiveness, and challenges faced in marine protection and fisheries management efforts in this area. Through this review, various costs and benefits of the investment are evaluated, while strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with the implementation of the investment are also identified. The results of this analysis provide insights into the economic feasibility, potential success, and strategies that can be implemented to enhance the sustainability of the marine ecosystem and the welfare of local communities in Bunaken National Park.
 
 

This study is entitled the distribution of inheritance in the Pakpak community in Sukamakmur Village. Gunung Meriah District, Aceh Singkil Regency, namely the distribution of inheritance in the past and present communities with the aim of knowing 1) The shift that occurred in the distribution of inheritance in the Pakpak community in Sukamakmur Village. 2) The factors behind the shift in the distribution of inheritance in the Pakpak community in Sukamakmur Village. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method, to understand what phenomena are experienced by the research subjects holistically, namely by describing them in words and language, based on the findings in the field. The results of the study show that the distribution of inheritance in the Pakpak community in Sukamakmur Village has shifted where in the past, the community in implementing inheritance drew a patrilineal system which drew the father's lineage so that the inheritance that was entitled and became the heir of the son so that parents prioritized sons in inheritance while if the Pakpak community drew a patrilineal lineage, of course the position and even the rights of daughters to get it were very non-existent, while at present the Pakpak community in Sukamakmur Village parents provide opportunities so that parents on average give their property to their daughters. Now the Pakpak community carries out inheritance in the past parents were required to present Kula-kula, Senina, Berru but what happened in the village was that some people no longer followed to present these three, in that community only distributed inheritance among themselves between parents and children only

This article examines the importance of creating an inclusive workplace for persons with disabilities from the perspective of the encyclical Laborem Exercens, which emphasizes the value and dignity of human beings in the context of work. Pope John Paul II asserts that work is a fundamental right of every individual, including persons with disabilities, enabling them to fully participate in society and develop their potential through employment. The aim of this article is to explore how the principles of Laborem Exercens can be implemented to create a fair, flexible, and accommodating workplace for persons with disabilities. The methodology employed in this article involves a literature review of the texts of Laborem Exercens and various sources related to inclusive policies, physical adjustments, and the use of assistive technologies in the workplace. This article also highlights the importance of collaboration among governments, companies, and communities as a key factor in establishing productive and empowering workplaces for persons with disabilities. Providing accessible facilities, flexible policies, and awareness training for managers and colleagues are proposed as concrete steps to realize an inclusive workplace. Achieving an inclusive work environment requires a collective commitment to respecting the dignity and rights of persons with disabilities, which, in turn, will improve their quality of life and contribute to the overall welfare of society. Implementing the values outlined in Laborem Exercens represents a significant step toward a more just, equitable, and inclusive working world.

The development of digital technology connected to the internet network provides easy access to information. With the existence of digital technology devices, information is increasingly easy to obtain, process, and obtain, causing an information explosion. This information explosion makes it difficult to sort and select valid information. So that digital literacy is needed to be able to select and sort, process and redistribute information obtained from digital devices. Students of the History of Islamic Civilization (SPI) are required to be people who are required to be able to absorb information, especially information about history. The local history of Sambas Regency has not been widely published through print or digital media. So that literacy skills are needed to trace the sources and information of Sambas local history. This research uses qualitative research methods to see the literacy skills of SPI students. The results of this study indicate that SPI IAIS Sambas students have digital literacy skills obtained from Computer Practice lecture material. The material provides a basis for searching information using digital devices. Information obtained through digital data they process with careful review to avoid invalid information. Information that has been checked and re-processed so that it can be published to the public.

The development of motor skills is an important aspect of children's growth, affecting physical skills, muscle coordination, and daily activities. In elementary school, motor development influences children's academic and social abilities. Rhythmic gymnastics is a structured physical activity that can enhance children's motor skills, such as strength, balance, and coordination. This study examines the application of rhythmic gymnastics to improve gross motor skills in elementary school students using literature review and digital research methods. The purpose of this research is to study the impact of rhythmic gymnastics on children's motor development through a literary research approach. The methodology used is a literature review that includes a critical analysis of various academic sources such as journals, books, and relevant articles. The results of the study indicate that rhythmic gymnastics can significantly improve children's gross and fine motor skills. Rhythmic gymnastics activities involving rhythmic movements, coordination, and balance contribute positively to children's physical and cognitive development. Furthermore, rhythmic gymnastics has also been proven effective in enhancing children's social and emotional aspects through enjoyable and structured group activities. These results highlight the importance of incorporating rhythmic gymnastics into the elementary school curriculum to support the development of gross motor skills.

The exponential growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) introduces a multitude of security challenges, as a vast number of connected devices often operate with inadequate protection measures. This vulnerability heightens the risk of cyberattacks, data breaches, and hacking, exposing systems and sensitive information to increased threats. Ensuring security in the IoT ecosystem while considering this rapidly expanding technology's physical limitations and specific requirements is a complex task. This article comprehensively analyzes the primary vulnerabilities and risks associated with IoT, exploring innovative strategies and effective solutions to strengthen its security framework. The article highlights the critical role of secure device authentication, data encryption, regular updates, and continuous monitoring by addressing the intricacies of communication protocols and emphasizing the need for standardization. Ultimately, this work advocates for a holistic approach to IoT security, where robust, adaptable solutions are developed to safeguard against the evolving landscape of cyber threats.

This research was motivated by the lack of optimal sustainable development in the health sector in the village of Lightninghilir, Baregbeg subdistrict, Ciamis district. The issue of creating a healthy and prosperous society is not an easy matter, so there is a need for cooperation between the village government and each posyandu cadre in each hamlet. This research is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The data in this research consists of primary and secondary data. The informants in this study were 7 people. Data collection techniques through literature study, interviews, field observations and documentation. Data processing or analysis techniques through data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this research are: 1) Analysis of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the Health Sector in Petirhilir Village, Baregbeg District, Ciamis Regency, the results show that the strategy has been implemented but not optimally. 2) The obstacles faced are the lack of capacity of implementing cadres who carry out SDGs data collection to the community and also the public's awareness of the importance of health is still lacking, communication is not running well, the community's economy is limited, and the public is less aware of the importance of health. 3) The efforts made are that the Village Government seeks to coordinate with the community health center to prepare implementing human resources that focus on the health sector by improving environmental quality and optimizing counseling and also the duties of community development cadres and village assistants to carry out house visits.

Perpetrators and parties related to misuse of social media in general elections, such as spreading fake news or hoaxes and spreading hate speech, may be subject to criminal sanctions as stated in the provisions of the article of the law. The method used in preparing this research is normative juridical with a conceptual approach and a statutory approach, especially the  ITE Law, the Criminal Code to further examine law enforcement regarding the misuse of social media in building public opinion in the 2024 General Election (Pemilu).In practice, Law concerning Information and Electronic Transactions itself is still not effective because it is seen as tending to limit freedom of expression and bias in its implementation. There are no standard standards for determining activities that can be considered misuse of social media. Law Number 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections does not regulate the anticipation of misuse of social media in general elections using a repressive approach or imposing criminal sanctions.

Education is the right of all citizens, regardless of origin, economic situation or physical condition. In the national education system, according to Law Number 20 of 2003, comprehensive education is guaranteed without any discrimination in any form. This is the importance of applying inclusive education in Madrasah Ibtidaiyah without exception. This article aims to describe creative learning strategies in inclusive education, especially at the basic level that not only emphasize motor skills but also the ability to interact with the social environment. This article uses a literature review method (Literature Review) by collecting data and sources related to a particular topic which is obtained from various sources such as journals, research reports, books (to e-books) and other library sources. The results showed that the creative learning strategies carried out by teachers can increase the use of goals, learning materials, media, methods, assessments, and learning environment by students. Learning strategies that can be applied to basic ABK students include remedial, deductive, inductive, heuristic, explanatory teaching strategies, classical, collaborative, and behavior changes