Violence against women remains a serious issue in Indonesia despite the existence of Law Number 23 of 2004 on the Elimination of Domestic Violence (KDRT). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of this law in reducing violence against women and to identify the barriers in its implementation. The research method used is a normative legal approach, focusing on the analysis of relevant regulations and related policies. The findings show that although legal awareness has increased, many women victims of violence are still hindered by social and cultural factors in reporting the incidents. Institutional factors, such as limited resources in law enforcement agencies, also affect the effectiveness of protection. The implication of this research is the importance of a thorough evaluation of existing policies and the need to improve the capacity of law enforcement agencies to handle cases of violence against women more effectively.

Drainage is an infrastructure system designed to channel water from one place to another. This study is based on Article 2 of the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works of the Republic of Indonesia No. 12 of 2014 concerning the Implementation of Urban Drainage Systems. This research aims to analyze the drainage maintenance carried out by the Public Works and Housing Office (PUPR) of Pekanbaru City using Dhillon B.S’s asset maintenance theory, which consists of two main indicators: preventive maintenance and corrective maintenance. This study employs a qualitative approach with data collection methods including in-depth interviews and field observations. The results indicate that drainage maintenance in Pekanbaru City faces several challenges, such as budget constraints, low public awareness, a shortage of skilled labor, outdated infrastructure conditions, and the impact of extreme weather conditions. The findings suggest that the drainage maintenance efforts by the PUPR Office of Pekanbaru City still encounter numerous challenges, particularly in technical aspects and community participation. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the budget and develop more competent human resources in the field of drainage maintenance. Additionally, more intensive public awareness campaigns on the importance of maintaining drainage cleanliness and the enforcement of penalties for violators should be strengthened. The utilization of modern technology, such as sensors and drone-based monitoring systems, can also serve as a solution to enhance the effectiveness of drainage maintenance. With these measures, it is expected that the drainage system in Pekanbaru City can function more optimally and sustainably.

This study analyzes the implications of the establishment of Natuna Regency on accelerating development in the archipelagic region. Using a qualitative approach with literature review, the research evaluates the impact of the division on public services, natural resource management, and infrastructure development. The findings indicate that the establishment of Natuna Regency, enacted through Law Number 53 of 1999, has shortened administrative control spans and improved governance effectiveness. Moreover, the acceleration of development in the maritime, energy, and tourism sectors has significantly contributed to local economic growth. However, challenges such as limited human resources and infrastructure in remote areas remain obstacles. This study recommends optimizing local potential and enhancing community participation in development as strategic steps toward equitable development outcomes.

This research presents a numerical investigation into heat transfer in nanofluid flow using an advanced lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). The study modifies the standard LBM to incorporate the unique properties of nanofluids, such as enhanced thermal conductivity. We simulate convective heat transfer in a pipe with varying nanoparticle concentrations, assessing the effects on heat transfer rates. Results show that nanofluids significantly improve heat transfer efficiency, offering valuable insights for engineering applications in cooling systems.

Customary law reform in Indonesia in the context of globalization raises significant challenges and opportunities. The values of Pancasila, as the ideological foundation of the nation, play an important role in ensuring that customary law reform remains relevant, fair and rooted in local culture. Globalization encourages the modernization and homogenization of the legal system, which often contradicts the principles of customary law based on local wisdom. This article examines how Pancasila values, such as humanity, social justice, unity, and deliberation, can be integrated in the process of customary law reform to remain relevant amid global dynamics. This research uses a qualitative approach with the methods of literature study, interviews, and document analysis. Literature study was conducted to understand the theoretical context of customary law reform and Pancasila values, while interviews were conducted with legal experts, academics, and traditional leaders to obtain empirical perspectives on challenges and opportunities in customary law reform. Document analysis was conducted on policies and regulations relating to customary law and the implementation of Pancasila values in Indonesia. The results show that customary law reform based on Pancasila has great potential to deliver a legal system that is more inclusive and responsive to the needs of local communities. Key challenges identified include difficulties in harmonizing customary law with national and international law and homogenizing pressures from global standards. However, opportunities are also found in the ability of updated customary law to provide more culturally and locally relevant dispute resolution alternatives. The integration of Pancasila values is believed to strengthen the position of customary law within national and global legal frameworks.ract

The development of tourist villages in Indonesia is increasing with government support and a shift in tourist interest towards educational and sustainable tourism. Sidomulyo Tourism Village, one of the tourist destinations in Jember Regency, has shown the potential for developing community-based tourism (CBT). However, the management of this village is still under the auspices of the village government, which could lead to continued dependency in the future. Community involvement is still limited because the village government decides the entire planning and management process. Through educational training, this community service program aims to strengthen CBT practices in the Sidomulyo Tourism Village. The process of transferring knowledge and experience is carried out by a manager of one of the independent tourist villages in Indonesia. This activity includes training and evaluation sessions. The results show increased participants' understanding of CBT and independent management of tourist villages. This program recommends developing priority attractions and improving digital marketing as initial steps to support sustainable tourism in the village.

Safe anesthesia monitoring is a crucial aspect of medical procedures to ensure patient safety during anesthesia administration. A lack of knowledge and skills among healthcare professionals in anesthesia monitoring can increase the risk of complications and undesirable side effects. The educational program on safe anesthesia monitoring in healthcare facilities aims to enhance medical professionals' knowledge, skills, and awareness in implementing appropriate monitoring standards. This study employs a descriptive approach to evaluate the effectiveness of the educational program through interactive training methods, clinical simulations, and competency-based assessments. The results indicate that the provided education significantly improves participants' understanding of safe anesthesia monitoring principles and reduces errors in clinical practice. Therefore, education on safe anesthesia monitoring should be an integral part of medical training to enhance healthcare quality and patient safety..

The purpose of this community service activity is to enhance the English vocabulary mastery of students in class IX.A at MTs Terpadu Berkah Palangka Raya through the implementation of the "I See the Light" song-based learning method. The learning process was carried out in three stages: first, students listened to the song without the translation; second, students listened to the same song with lyrics and translation; and third, students participated in a vocabulary quiz to assess their understanding of the new vocabulary they had learned. Observations during the activity showed that students were more actively engaged and enthusiastic in the learning process and discussions. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that using songs as a learning medium has a positive impact on improving students' English vocabulary mastery in a fun and interactive way. However, there were some challenges related to the unclear volume of the song and the instability of the power supply. Therefore, the recommendation for future research is to ensure clear audio and stable power supply to support the effective implementation of the activities.

For the Langa indigenous people, Waja is a process of recovery for mistakes because someone has violated a prohibition or certain customary law norms that apply in the Langa indigenous people. There are several marriage problems that occur in the Langa community that are not resolved with waja. The practice of waja serves to break the bond of engagement or marriage that has occurred between a man and a woman, the purpose is as a deterrent effect and also as a means of value education for the community so that marriages that violate customary norms can be eliminated or no longer repeated. This research is an empirical research, so the data source used is the primary data source, the primary data is obtained from the results of interviews. The data were analyzed in a descriptive-qualitative manner. The results of this study show that: (1) The function of waja customs in the marriage legal system of the Langa indigenous people is for the enforcement of customary norms and rules, the restoration of good name, efforts to break the bond of engagement or marriage between men and women and to realize justice and balance in community life, including in terms of marriage. (2) The process of applying waja customs in the practice of marriage of the Langa indigenous people is carried out in accordance with the marriage violations that have been carried out by both parties. The types of violations of waja customs are infidelity, relationships that are not approved by parents and abusive behavior of husbands towards wives.
 

Domestic violence (DV) remains a persistent social issue that requires serious attention, particularly in rural areas like Wonoharjo Village. This community service program aimed to enhance the understanding and awareness of the community regarding DV prevention through a series of educational activities, conflict resolution training, and group discussions. A participatory approach was employed to actively involve the community in each stage of the program. The results demonstrated a significant improvement in the knowledge and skills of the community concerning DV prevention. Furthermore, the formation of community task forces and the emergence of local leaders served as key indicators of social change. This program successfully raised collective awareness about gender equality and women's rights in the village. The recommendation is to continue education and support programs to ensure sustainable prevention of domestic violence.