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Public Green Open Space (RTH) is an essential element in urban spatial planning to support environmental sustainability. Through the process of photosynthesis, RTH helps absorb carbon dioxide (CO₂) produced by human activities, such as transportation and industry, thus contributing to climate change mitigation. This study aims to explore the role of RTH in absorbing CO₂ and the challenges faced in its management. The study was conducted using a systematic approach through literature analysis and case studies in several cities in Indonesia and around the world. The research results indicate that vegetation type, area size, and environmental conditions are the main factors affecting the carbon absorption capacity of RTH. Large trees have a significantly higher capacity to absorb CO₂ compared to shrubs and grass, with the ability to absorb up to 250.63 tons of CO₂ per year per tree. However, challenges such as limited RTH area, urbanization pressure, and lack of public awareness remain obstacles to optimal RTH management. The recommendations of this study include increasing the area and quality of RTH through data-based strategies, community participation in management, and the development of policies that support sustainability. With proper management, RTH can function as a climate change mitigation tool while improving the quality of life for urban communities.  

Effective urban spatial planning is a key element in supporting sustainable urban development. Tangerang, as one of the rapidly growing urban areas, faces significant challenges due to conflicts between increasing population density and the need for green spaces as ecological balancing elements. This study aims to analyze the issues of urban spatial planning in Tangerang, focusing on the factors driving the conflict between population density and the provision of green spaces. A qualitative approach was used, involving secondary data analysis from urban spatial planning documents, government policies, and relevant literature reviews.The findings indicate that high urbanization rates, discrepancies in the implementation of spatial planning policies, and low public awareness of the importance of green spaces are the primary factors exacerbating the problem. Additionally, the lack of green spaces has negative impacts on environmental quality, such as rising urban temperatures, increased flooding, and a decline in residents' quality of life. As a solution, this study recommends integrating spatial planning strategies based on ecological approaches, including optimizing zoning policies, developing vertical gardens in densely populated areas, and enhancing community participation in green space conservation. These findings are expected to contribute to more sustainable urban spatial planning in Tangerang and other cities facing similar challenges.