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This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics)-based learning models in improving students' understanding of thermodynamic concepts. The research method used is a quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design. The subjects of the study were high school students who were divided into experimental and control classes. The results showed that the STEM approach can significantly improve students' conceptual understanding and problem-solving skills compared to conventional learning models. The implication of this study is the need for integration of the STEM approach in physics learning in order to improve the quality of education in the modern era.

The influence of engineering extends far beyond traditional boundaries with the evolving automotive sector and its increasing importance highlighted in this articles exploration of the intricate world of car engine design through historical insights and current advancements that significantly impact the automotive industry. Key elements in engine design such as thermodynamics, materials selection, fuel systems, emission control and stress analysis are introduced systematically as factors, for efficient and ecofriendly powertrain solutions. The industry’s dedication to finding solutions is clearly seen in how they consider sustainability factors during the engine design process. The study also delves into the influence of engine design within the sector alongside advancements and market trends to emphasize the crucial role of innovation in staying competitive and meeting consumer needs. Finally, the research proposes paths, for engine design exploration courting new challenges and uncharted territories that are poised to shape the evolution of vehicle propulsion.

This paper presents a computational approach to addressing complex challenges in fluid dynamics and thermodynamics. The study begins by exploring the fundamental principles and challenges in these fields, emphasizing the importance of efficient computational methods for analyzing fluid flow and thermal behavior in various engineering applications. The primary objective is to develop a robust computational framework that integrates advanced numerical techniques and simulation tools to enhance accuracy and efficiency. The methodology involves implementing high-fidelity simulations using finite volume and finite element methods, validated against benchmark problems and experimental data. The findings demonstrate significant improvements in predictive capabilities, offering insights into fluid-thermal interactions under various conditions. These advancements hold practical implications for optimizing engineering systems, such as energy conversion, heat exchangers, and aerodynamics. This research contributes to the ongoing efforts to bridge theoretical knowledge and practical applications in fluid dynamics and thermodynamics.

This research was conducted as an effort to obtain a reading material related to thermodynamics so that it can be more easily understood by students or other readers. In conducting research, a researcher needs to follow the rules and regulations that apply so that the results obtained can be said to be valid. This research was conducted using the literature review method, namely by looking for sources that lead to a literature review of the basic concepts of thermodynamics which in this search are very important and much needed. The results of this study are that there are implications or connectedness between the concept of a single particle system and thermodynamics. Single particle systems trapped in a potential well can be explained or understood from a thermodynamic perspective.